Nutrition
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Sarcopenia has been reported as a prognostic risk factor in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) and hepatobiliary pancreatic (HBP) cancers. This study aimed to investigate whether the loss of muscle mass or strength is a stronger prognostic factor, and explore the cutoff values of skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and handgrip strength (HGS) based on the survival outcome in patients with GI and HBP cancers. ⋯ Low muscle strength was a stronger prognostic factor than low muscle mass. Therefore, measuring muscle strength in all patients is essential.
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Socioeconomic inequalities create substantial burdens influencing children's health status and diet quality. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between cumulative socioeconomic vulnerabilities and differences in the food intake of children. ⋯ The findings of this study highlighted that an unhealthy dietary profile was characteristic of European children in families with a high number of SES vulnerabilities. School-based public health programs promoting healthy eating in children should prioritize families with cumulative SES vulnerabilities.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of trunk muscle mass on functional prognosis, including activities of daily living (ADLs), at hospital discharge in patients with acute stroke. ⋯ Trunk muscle mass is associated with ADLs at hospital discharge after acute stroke. TMI is important for evaluating functional prognosis in patients with acute stroke.
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The presence of myosteatosis is one factor associated with poor prognosis for patients with cirrhosis; however, the factors contributing to worsening myosteatosis are, to our knowledge, unknown. The aim of this study was to clarify the changes in myosteatosis, and the factors involved in these changes. ⋯ In patients with cirrhosis, myosteatosis progressed, and decreases in SMI and increases in VFI were correlated with its progression.
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Triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) is an economical and effective anthropometric method for estimating cellulite. It has attracted increasing attention as a parameter to assess cancer prognosis. Owing to physiologic differences, the sex-specific value of TSF in the prognostic assessment of colorectal cancer (CRC) is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the sex differences in the association of TSF and CRC mortality and provide practical clinical guidelines for optimizing prognostic strategies and nutritional guidance for patients with CRC. ⋯ TSF is an independent factor affecting the prognosis of women with CRC; however, the prognostic value of TSF in men with CRC may be limited.