Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to compare the performance of five sarcopenia screening tools in preoperative patients with gastric cancer, including strength, assistance with walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, and falls; strength, assistance with walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, falls, and calf circumference (SARC-CalF); Ishii score chart; short version of the mini sarcopenia risk assessment; and full version of the mini sarcopenia risk assessment. ⋯ Among the above five screening tools, SARC-CalF appeared to be the optimal choice to screen sarcopenia in preoperative patients with gastric cancer.
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Observational Study
Micronutrient intake from enteral nutrition in critically ill adult patients: A retrospective observational study.
The objective of this study was to determine the intake of micronutrients including vitamins B12, D, C, and A; folate; thiamine; iron; zinc; and selenium that are delivered from enteral nutrition (EN) during routine clinical practice in critically ill adults, expressed as a percentage of the Australia and New Zealand nutrient reference values. ⋯ EN delivery met the recommended intake for four micronutrients, did not meet the recommended intake for five micronutrients, and did not exceed the upper level of intake for any micronutrient when approximately 50% energy adequacy was achieved types.
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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem, causing secondary sarcopenia. The aim of this study was to evaluate sarcopenia using the definitions proposed by European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People in 2010 (EWGSOP2010) and 2019 (EWGSOP2019) as an independent prognostic factor for worse survival in patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis. ⋯ Sarcopenia, notably severe sarcopenia, diagnosed by EWGSOP2010 or EWGSOP2019 criteria, is an independent prognostic factor for worse survival in this population. Early detection with effective interventions may decrease the higher mortality risk among patients with sarcopenia and CKD.
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The relationship between diet and sleep in 2-y-old children: Results from Growing Up in New Zealand.
This study aimed to examine the relationship between dietary practices and sleep in young children. ⋯ At age 2 y, higher consumption of soft drinks/snacks/fast foods is associated with shorter, more disrupted sleep. Conversely, higher vegetable consumption is associated with less disrupted sleep. Dietary modifications may improve toddlers' sleep.
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Gut microbiota-derived metabolites are involved in intestinal inflammation, which can affect the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Previous studies have shown that oat fiber can delay the progression of atherosclerosis via improving lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate how oat fiber acted on gut microbiota-derived metabolites, inhibited intestinal inflammation, and protected the intestinal mucosal barrier. ⋯ Taken together, the present study revealed that oat fiber feeding effectively attenuated the development of atherosclerosis, at least partly via affecting gut microbiota-derived metabolites, inhibiting the intestinal inflammatory response, and maintaining the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier.