Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to review the levels of vitamin A and selenium in children with echinococcosis in Ganzi and Aba. ⋯ To improve management strategies in children with cystic echinococcosis, or possibly to prevent the disease, children living in high-risk areas for cystic echinococcosis should be given supplemental vitamin A and encouraged to consume a vitamin A-rich diet containing paw-paw, carrot, palm oil, or fish. Children with vitamin A deficiency in high-risk areas should be screened for cystic echinococcosis.
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We performed a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis to assess the association of total sugars, added sugars, fructose, and sucrose with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality. ⋯ Increased intake of total sugars and fructose is associated with all-cause and CVD mortality but not associated with cancer mortality, which could have implications for guideline recommendations regarding the risk of mortality related to sugar intake.
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The aim of this review was to map the literature on the double burden of malnutrition (DBM) among women of reproductive age (WRA) and preschool children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The study aimed to provide an understanding of how DBM construct has been defined in the current literature and to elucidate plausible mechanisms underlying DBM development and its common risk factor among the two subgroups. We systematically searched for literature from the following databases: EMBASE, CINAHL, MEDLINE, LILACS, Scopus and ProQuest Dissertations & Thesis Global and identified articles that specifically reported on the coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition sequalae at the population, household, or individual levels among WRA and preschool children in LMICs. ⋯ Factors such as child age, child sex, maternal age, maternal education, maternal occupation, household food security, household wealth, urbanicity, and economic development were commonly associated with most of the DBM phenotypes. Our review findings showed that the understanding of the DBM in current literature is very ambiguous. There is need for future research to better understand the DBM construct and its etiology.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Adjunctive efficacy of Lactis XLTG11 for Acute diarrhea in children: A randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled study.
The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of Bifidobacterium animalis sp. Lactis XLTG11, as an adjunctive treatment for acute watery diarrhea in children, using a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study design. ⋯ Administration of XLTG11 at a dose of 1 × 1010 CFU/d was effective in reducing the duration of diarrhea, inducing beneficial changes in GM composition and gene functions.
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The aim of this study was to thoroughly review the scientific literature related to cohort studies that evaluated the association between the intake of ultra-processed foods, according to the NOVA classification, and the increase in the components of metabolic syndrome and body fat in children and adolescents. ⋯ Seven of nine studies found at least one association with components of metabolic syndrome. This highlights the importance of early intervention to prevent non-communicable diseases in the future.