Nutrition
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Observational Study
The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria for diagnosis of malnutrition and outcomes prediction in emergency abdominal surgery.
Malnutrition has adverse postoperative outcomes, especially in emergency surgery. Among the numerous tools for nutritional assessment, this study aims to investigate malnutrition diagnosed by Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria and the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition predictive value for outcomes after emergency abdominal surgery. ⋯ The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition and Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutritison (muscle mass reduction excluded) had predictive value for adverse clinical outcomes due to malnutrition in patients undergoing emergency abdominal surgery.
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The aim of the study was to determine the beliefs and opinions of breastfeeding mothers about human milk banking. ⋯ The breastfeeding mothers expressed that milk banking was a beneficial practice; however, they had religious reservations about it. It was observed that they would be willing to donate their milk to these banks and use them in times of need under certain conditions. These conditions included ensuring that the milk is not mixed, providing information about the mother and baby to families, having babies of the same sex, and adhering to strict cleanliness and hygiene measures.
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The aim of this study was to explore the effect of the ketogenic diet (KD) on β-cell dedifferentiation and hepatic lipid accumulation in db/db mice. ⋯ The KD significantly reduced FBG and FINS and improved glucose tolerance in db/db mice by upregulating β-cell-specific transcription factors and reversing β-cell dedifferentiation. However, the KD also induced hepatic lipid accumulation and aggravated inflammatory response in the liver of db/db mice.
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The aim of this scoping review was to characterize the diagnostic criteria, their cutoff values, and the prevalence of cachexia in Asians. We systematically reviewed studies involving Asian adult patients with cachexia due to cancer and chronic diseases other than cancer, such as heart and renal failure. Sources in English and Japanese published between December 2008 and April 2022, including observational, longitudinal, cross-sectional, and clinical trials, were examined. ⋯ The prevalence rates of cachexia were 3.4% to 66.2% and 6.2% to 93% in non-cancer and cancer patients, respectively. Several diagnostic criteria, such as BMI and muscle mass, have been used, which are affected by racial differences in body size. However, few studies have used cutoff values for Asians.