Nutrition
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Body composition assessments are essential for understanding health and nutritional status. Traditional methods like deuterium oxide dilution, while accurate, are impractical due to cost and complexity. Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) has emerged as a preferred clinical and research technique. ⋯ Addressing user adherence and environmental limitations is essential for reliable results. This narrative review examines the current landscape of wearable BIA technology. Despite challenges, wearable BIA devices offer significant benefits, emphasizing ongoing innovation and validation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Acute inflammatory and metabolic effect of high fructose intake in normal-weight women: A randomized, double-masked, crossover trial.
We aimed to evaluate the acute effect of a fructose-rich single meal on metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: This single-center, double-masked, randomized crossover trial recruited females aged 20 to 47 with a normal body mass index and was conducted at Hospital das Clínicas (Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil). Participants received a standardized meal with either sucrose, glucose, or a fructose overload. Blood samples were collected after overnight fasting (baseline) and at 30, 60, 120, and 240 minutes postprandial. Serum levels of glucose, triglycerides (primary outcome), total cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, adiponectin, leptin, resistin, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor, eotaxin, and total blood leukocytes were measured. ⋯ Our findings indicate that a fructose-rich single meal leads to a more significant increase in triglyceride and leukocyte concentrations compared to glucose and sucrose in healthy women. These findings support concerns regarding the potential inflammatory and metabolic dysfunction associated with frequent consumption of high-fructose meals.
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Multicenter Study
Calf circumference-albumin index significantly predicts the prognosis of older patients with cancer cachexia: A multicenter cohort study.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined prognostic value of calf circumference (CC) and serum albumin on mortality in patients with cancer cachexia aged ≥65 years. ⋯ The CCA index could significantly predict the mortality of older patients with cancer cachexia, which might provide renewed assistance for future clinical management.
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The risk of both osteoporosis and sarcopenia is high in inflammatory diseases, but there have been few reports of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This study aimed to evaluate the rate of sarcopenia and osteoporosis, and the association of sarcopenia with osteoporosis in patients with PsA at our institution. ⋯ In patients with PsA, the rate of sarcopenia was 5.1%. Osteoporosis rates for males and females were 5.7% and 7.5%, respectively. SMI, T-score, and BMI are significantly correlated with each other and should be considered in clinical practice.
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A high-fat, iron (Fe)-deficient Western diet induces obesity and dysregulates Fe metabolism. We compared the influence of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Latilactobacillus curvatus with and without Fe supplementation on duodenal Fe uptake under high-fat diet conditions. ⋯ L. plantarum and L. curvatus supplementation shows some potential to enhance duodenal cellular Fe uptake in rats on a high-fat, Fe-deficient diet.