Nutrition
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Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) is critical in treating locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). However, the effect of body composition, grip strength, and physical performance during neoadjuvant chemotherapy remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the impact of these factors on perioperative clinical outcomes in LAGC patients undergoing NC. ⋯ For LAGC patients receiving NC, changes in SMI, VFI, grip strength, and physical status can predict perioperative clinical outcomes. These patients should be given special nutritional intervention.
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Muscle loss is one of the phenotypic criteria of malnutrition, is highly prevalent in patients with cirrhosis, and is associated with adverse outcomes. Mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) estimates the skeletal muscle mass and is especially helpful in cases of fluid overload. This study aimed to propose MAMC cutoff points for patients with cirrhosis and demonstrate its association with 1-year mortality. ⋯ Low MAMC classified according to the new cutoff points predicts mortality risk in patients with cirrhosis and could be used in clinical practice.
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Reduced handgrip strength (HGS) is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. We analyzed and compared associations of HGS with mortality risk in dialysis patients, using different normalization methods of HGS. ⋯ HGS% was a strong predictor of all-cause mortality risk in incident dialysis patients and a better discriminator of survival than absolute HGS or HGS normalized to body size dimensions.
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To our knowledge, no evidence exists to link dietary inflammatory potential to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in China. Furthermore, the precise mechanisms underlying the link between a pro-inflammatory diet and CVD remain incompletely understood. ⋯ This study provides evidence that dietary inflammatory potential is positively associated with nonfatal CVD and stroke in Chinese adults, and the association was partly mediated by insulin resistance.
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It is unclear whether parental consumption of non-nutritive sweetener (NNS) can affect subsequent generations. The aim of this study was to determine whether chronic parental consumption of sucralose and stevia in mice affects body weight gain and liver and intestinal expression of histone deacetylase 3 (Hdac3) in these animals and in the subsequent first filial (F1) and second filial (F2) generations. ⋯ NNS consumption differentially affects hepatic and intestinal Hdac3 expression. Changes in hepatic expression are not transmitted to the F1 and F2 generations whereas those in intestinal expression are enhanced in the F1 and attenuated in the F2 generations.