Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to investigate the stronger correlate of appetite-family or friend networks-in community-dwelling older adults, given that undernutrition can impair physical function, increase mortality, and be influenced by social networks. ⋯ Appetite was associated with family networks. Among social networks, focusing on family networks may help prevent the loss of appetite in older adults in Japan.
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Although there is some evidence that flood exposure in Bangladesh and other developing countries increases the risk of chronic undernutrition in children, the underlying mechanisms are, to our knowledge, unknown. The objectives of this research are to examine the association between recurrent flood exposure and the likelihood of chronic undernutrition in children and to investigate the mediators of this association. ⋯ Flood exposure was found associated with the likelihood of child chronic undernutrition, and this relationship was mediated through lack of having a separate kitchen, history of diarrhea, insufficient vaccination, use of unclean cooking fuel, and poor minimum dietary diversity. Interventions to reduce the prevalence of these risk factors could contribute to reducing the disparities in child undernourishment brought on by exposure to flooding.
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Adolescents go through rapid development and increased nutritional requirements that can put them at higher risk of undernutrition--a problem that can be highest among orphaned or street children. Evidence on nutritional risk and its contributing factors among this segment is lacking in the city of Dire Dawa, where many children are on the streets with limited access to proper care. The aim of this study was to identify determinants of undernutrition among street adolescents in Ethiopia. ⋯ Thinness and stunting were prevalent among street children and are associated with infrequent meals, poor dietary diversity, substance abuse, unsafe water sources, and illness histories that could be targeted for multisectoral interventions.
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We investigate the accuracy and reliability of ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence model developed by OpenAI, in providing nutritional information for dietary planning and weight management. The results have a reasonable level of accuracy, with energy values having the highest level of conformity: 97% of the artificial intelligence values fall within a 40% difference from United States Department of Agriculture data. ⋯ These findings suggest that ChatGPT can provide reasonably accurate and consistent nutritional information. Further research is recommended to assess the model's performance across a broader range of foods and meals.
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Nutrition plays a vital role in the outcome of critical illness in children, particularly those with acute kidney injury. Currently, there are no established guidelines for children with acute kidney injury treated with continuous kidney replacement therapy. Our objective was to create clinical practice points for nutritional assessment and management in critically ill children with acute kidney injury receiving continuous kidney replacement therapy. ⋯ Clinical practice points are provided on nutrition assessment, determining energy needs, and nutrient intake in children with acute kidney injury and on continuous kidney replacement therapy based on the existing literature and expert opinions of a multidisciplinary panel.