Nutrition
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Meta Analysis
Meta-analysis of the effect of β-glucan intake on blood cholesterol and glucose levels.
A meta-analysis was performed on epidemiologic studies to assess the relation between β-glucan consumption from oats and from barley on blood cholesterol level, triglyceride/triacylglycerol (TGL/TAG) level, and blood glucose level (BGL) in humans. In addition, the effect of β-glucan on total cholesterol (TC) and BGL was translated into an empirical dose-response model. ⋯ Consumption of 3 g/d of oat or barley β-glucan is sufficient to decrease blood cholesterol, whereas the effect on BGL is still inconclusive, with high heterogeneity, and requires further clinical research studies with longer intervention periods.
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Review Meta Analysis
Micronutrient supplementation for critically ill adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review assessed the effects of micronutrient supplementation on adults recovering from critical illness. Primary outcomes included clinical endpoints (mortality, infectious complications, length of intensive care unit and of hospital stay). Secondary outcomes included descriptions of practice issues, micronutrient status, morbidity, course of the acute-phase response, and oxidative stress. ⋯ This review does suggest a potential benefit of micronutrient supplementation in critically ill adults by possibly being associated with a decrease in mortality.
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Review Meta Analysis
Impact of lipid emulsion containing fish oil on outcomes of surgical patients: systematic review of randomized controlled trials from Europe and Asia.
This study aimed to systematically review the clinical efficacy of lipid emulsion containing fish oil in surgical patients. ⋯ The administration of lipid emulsion containing fish oil to patients undergoing elective major operations improves outcomes. The infectious complications are significantly fewer and length of hospitalization significantly shortened for patients treated with lipid emulsion containing fish oil. Further well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to demonstrate the cost effectiveness of lipid emulsion containing fish oil to postoperative patients.
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Review Meta Analysis
Does enteral nutrition compared to parenteral nutrition result in better outcomes in critically ill adult patients? A systematic review of the literature.
Nutritional support is part of the standard of care for the critically ill adult patient. In the average patient in the intensive care unit who has no contraindications to enteral nutrition (EN) or parenteral nutrition (PN), the choice of route for nutritional support may be influenced by several factors. Because EN and PN are associated with risks and benefits, we systematically reviewed and critically appraised the literature to compare EN with PN the critically ill patient. ⋯ The use of EN as opposed to PN results in an important decrease in the incidence of infectious complications in the critically ill and may be less costly. EN should be the first choice for nutritional support in the critically ill.