Nutrition
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To our knowledge, little evidence exists on the relationships between body composition and health-related physical fitness; in particular, musculoskeletal fitness. Bioimpedance index phase angle (bioelectrical impedance analysis raw variables) is a candidate predictor of health-related fitness, a marker of fat-free and body cell mass, respectively. The aim of this study was to evaluate body composition, raw bioelectrical impedance analysis variables, and health-related fitness in young adults and investigate their mutual relationships to identify predictors of muscle strength. ⋯ The present study provided consistent information on the relationships between body composition and health-related fitness in young adults. Phase angle emerged as a significant predictor of all health-related fitness measures and might be useful for a more consistent assessment of musculoskeletal fitness.
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This study aimed to investigate the association between ultra-processed food (UPF) intake and the risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Korean adults. ⋯ Higher UPF contribution to total daily food intake is associated with an increased risk for MetS, particularly with a higher risk for hypertension and abdominal obesity.
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Although muscle mass and its distribution have been shown to affect prognosis, the association between regional muscle mass and cardiovascular mortality risk in diabetic patients remains unclear. ⋯ Higher upper limb lean mass is associated with lower cardiovascular mortality compared with other regional lean mass in patients with diabetes, especially for men. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms involved in muscle metabolic differentiation.
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Observational Study
Baseline immune status and the effectiveness of response to enteral nutrition among ICU patients with COVID-19: An observational, retrospective study.
This study aimed to compare how immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients responded differently to enteral nutrition (EN) support in intensive care units (ICUs) during the COVID-19 pandemic, including serum nutritional biomarkers, inflammatory biomarkers, gastrointestinal (GI) intolerance symptoms, and clinical outcomes. ⋯ We found that the immunocompromised patients spent more time in the hospital. These findings may help us to standardize the participants before EN interventional studies better and better individualize EN supports based on patients' immunity status.
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The aim to examine the prevalence and prognosis of cachexia according to the Asian Working Group for Cachexia (AWGC) criteria in patients with sarcopenic dysphagia. ⋯ Cachexia was found in 36% of patients with sarcopenic dysphagia, and death was significantly higher in cachexia.