Nutrition
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The Mediterranean diet is a diet pattern with several healthy characteristics, including a high consumption of fresh fruits, vegetables, whole-grain products, and extra virgin olive oil as the main fat source. It is also characterized by a low consumption of processed foods and high-fat meats. However, there has been a nutritional transition such that, because of globalization and economic growth, the consumption of ultraprocessed foods is increasing, comprising 14% to 57% of total energy intake. ⋯ Still, even though there are few interventions conducted to improve culinary skills, especially those focused on children, the available results suggest that there have been positive changes in the direction of a healthier dietary pattern. This integrative review analyzes consumption levels of ultraprocessed foods. We then consider the extent to which culinary skills affect ultraprocessed food consumption levels and the relative impact on obesity.
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Osteoporosis constitutes a serious challenge for public health. Dietary patterns belong to important, modifiable risk factors of this disease. Therefore, what and in what quantities we consume on a daily basis are extremely relevant. ⋯ These dietary components include carotenoids. This paper presents a broad review of studies on the influence of particular carotenoids (β-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, and lycopene) on bones. The paper discusses up-to-date in vitro experiments and research on animal models and presents how the results translate into clinical effect in humans.
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Review
A review on vitamin A deficiency and depleted immunity in South Asia: From deficiency to resilience.
In the developing world, the twin challenges of depleted health and growing issue of food waste management loom large, demanding simultaneous attention and innovative solutions. This review explores how these issues can be effectively mitigated while shedding light on the transformative impact of food waste valorization on health management. A spotlight is cast on vitamin A deficiency (VAD), an acute public health concern, especially prevalent in South Asia, driven by economic constraints, sociocultural factors, inadequate diets, and poor nutrient absorption. ⋯ This approach presents a compelling avenue for exploration and implementation. In summary, this review presents an integrated approach to tackle health and food waste challenges in the developing world. By tapping into the nutritional treasure troves within vegetable waste, we can enhance health outcomes while addressing food waste, forging a brighter and healthier future for communities in need.
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The present systematic review explored compliance status with school food policies in Europe and the Western Pacific regions, challenges and facilitators of policy compliance, and its impact on children's diets and nutrient intakes. ⋯ Results highlighted the need for additional support and surveillance at the school level to ensure adequate policy compliance.
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Review
The importance of food quality, gut motility, and microbiome in SIBO development and treatment.
The prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is rising worldwide, particularly in nations with high rates of urbanization. Irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel illnesses, and nonspecific dysmotility are strongly linked to SIBO. Moreover, repeated antibiotic therapy promotes microorganisms' overgrowth through the development of antibiotic resistance. ⋯ Since the scientific world was unsure whether there was a long-term or potential solution for SIBO until quite recently, research on a number of the topics included in the article should be performed. The article aimed to summarize current knowledge about proper nutrition after SIBO eradication and the prevention of recurrent bacterial overgrowth. Moreover, a connection was found between diet, gut dysmotility, and SIBO.