Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Short-term preoperative supplementation of an immunoenriched diet does not improve clinical outcome in well-nourished patients undergoing abdominal cancer surgery.
A recent study suggested that the anti-inflammatory effect of immunonutrition starts after only two d. We therefore investigated the effect of an immunoenriched oral diet administered for three d preoperatively. ⋯ Preoperative oral supplementation with an immunoenriched diet for 3 d preoperatively did not improve postoperative outcome compared with the placebo in well-nourished patients with elective gastrointestinal cancer surgery.
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Multicenter Study
Prevalence of pressure ulcers in hospitals in Brazil and association with nutritional status--a multicenter, cross-sectional study.
Pressure ulcers (PU) represent a widespread, painful, and expensive health care problem directly associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and length of hospital stay. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of PU in hospitalised patients in public and private Brazilian institutions and the ulcers' associations with nutritional status and other risk factors. ⋯ The prevalence of PU in Brazilian general hospitals is high, and the prevalence of malnutrition is extremely high. Malnourishment is one of the most important risk factors associated with the development and severity of PU in hospitals. Patients who are malnourished are more prone to developing PU.
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To estimate the nutritional risk in children 2 to 6 y old. ⋯ The prevalence of inadequate dietary intake was low for most nutrients. However, fiber, calcium, and vitamin D and E intakes were lower than recommended. Moreover, children consumed large amounts of sodium and saturated fat.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Impact of preoperative nutritional support on clinical outcome in abdominal surgical patients at nutritional risk.
This multicenter, prospective cohort study evaluated the effect of preoperative nutritional support in abdominal surgical patients at nutritional risk as defined by the Nutritional Risk Screening Tool 2002 (NRS-2002). ⋯ This finding suggests that preoperative nutritional support is beneficial to patients with an NRS score at least 5 by lowering the complication rate.