Nutrition
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This study explored the effects of different fiber fractions on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and intestinal development in a porcine model. ⋯ This study not only indicated how the gut digestive physiology adapted to different NSP fractions, but also provided novel (to our knowledge) information that could promote our understanding of the role of dietary fibers in maintaining gut health.
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Observational Study
Nutritional intervention in head and neck cancer patients during chemo-radiotherapy.
Head and neck cancer patients experience unintentional weight loss and malnutrition at diagnosis, during oncologic treatment, and after the end of therapy because of reduction of eating ability. The aim of the present study was to assess nutrition intervention efficacy in maintaining basal nutritional conditions. ⋯ To preserve body weight and composition, we identified an energy requirement greater than expected both during and after chemoradiotherapy.
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This study developed an instrument in table format to help determine the energy requirements of patients in adverse situations. The instrument allows for the weekly adjustment of nutrition therapy and energy intake, advocating a new approach to treatment based on clinical observation performed by staff specialized in individualized nutrition therapy. ⋯ The proposed nutrition table allows for management of optimal energy and protein intake for patients in different clinical situations, while respecting the different phases of the posttraumatic metabolic response, thus leading to favorable clinical outcomes.
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Recent studies found a low rate of iron deficiency in Bangladeshi non-pregnant and non-lactating women. This was attributed to high iron concentrations in drinking water. However, there are limited data on iron deficiency among pregnant women in Bangladesh. ⋯ This study found a differential prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency among pregnant women living in areas of high and low groundwater iron. Iron status was independently associated with daily iron intake from drinking water. However, a significant proportion of the anemia could not be attributed to iron deficiency. Further research to identify other nutritional and non-nutritional contributors to anemia in Bangladesh is needed to formulate effective prevention and control programs for anemia.
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This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of nutritional and inflammatory status in patients with advanced cancer receiving palliative care. ⋯ The severity of the systemic inflammation and the poor nutritional status predict survival and were considered independent prognostic factors. Thus they can be useful tools for nutritional evaluation in palliative care.