Nutrition
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Low skeletal muscle mass adversely affects outcomes in cirrhotic patients; however, its affect in patients with acute variceal bleeding remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of low skeletal muscle mass on outcomes in patients with cirrhosis and acute variceal bleeding. ⋯ Low skeletal muscle mass is an independent predictor of 6-wk mortality in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding.
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In addition to its wide clinical variability, celiac disease (CD) can also cause a lower response to the hepatitis B virus (HBV) than healthy individuals. The aim of this study was to examine high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) as a new potential marker of an inadequate response to HBV vaccine in children with CD at diagnosis before starting a gluten-free diet. ⋯ In patients with CD, HMGB1 could represent a new marker that is able to reflect the immune impairment that results in failure of the HBV vaccination.
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Chronic inflammation is implicated in causing cancer. Diet plays an important role in regulating chronic inflammation by altering circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers. Effect of single food or nutrient on cancer often is inconclusive; perhaps due to dietary interactions and multicolinearity. The aim of this study was to determine prediagnostic inflammatory potential of overall diet in relation to risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). ⋯ Our findings indicate that proinflammatory diets are associated with an increased risk for CRC in the Newfoundland population.
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Chumlea's formulas are a validated means of predicting overall height from knee height (KH) among people >60 y of age, but, to our knowledge, no formula is validated for use in African countries, including Benin. The aim of this study was to compare height provided by predictive formulas using KH to measured height in an elderly population in Benin. ⋯ CBP formulas seem applicable in 83% of cases (±5 cm) to assess the height with KH of older people in Benin and do not overestimate the prevalence of malnutrition.
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The optimal protein intake for elderly individuals who exercise regularly has not yet been clearly defined. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that protein intake level is associated with muscle strength in elderly elite athletes. ⋯ Higher protein intake in elite senior athletes is associated with a greater muscle strength.