Nutrition
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Malnutrition and sarcopenia frequently coexist in elderly patients. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of nutritional status in the diagnosis of sarcopenia in nursing home residents. ⋯ Prevalence of sarcopenia and malnutrition were significant in this population, especially in women. Approximately two-thirds of sarcopenic individuals were malnourished. A low body mass index may be a better predictor of sarcopenia in this population than a small calf circumference (<1 cm).
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The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of selenium supplementation on patients with inflammation receiving PN. ⋯ The selenium concentration was greater in the G+S than in the G-S, acting independently from CRP behavior. However, supplementation was not enough to reach the reference values.
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The aim of this study was to determine, from the methodologic standpoint, the effect of the presence or absence of intravenous contrast on body composition variables obtained by analysis of computed tomography (CT) images. ⋯ The definition of myosteatosis should include a standardized phase of CT for analysis and this should be incorporated within its definition. However, as the magnitudes of the differences were relatively small, the effect of the phase of the scan on predicting outcome needs to be determined.
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The aim of this study was to develop evidence-based recommendations for glycemic control of patients with diabetes mellitus or stress hyperglycemia who are receiving enteral nutrition (EN). ⋯ In patients with diabetes or stress hyperglycemia who were on EN support, the following results were found: CONCLUSIONS: These recommendations and suggestions regarding enteral feeding in patients with diabetes and hyperglycemia have direct clinical applicability.
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Children born to mothers with abnormal body mass index (BMI) have increased risk for mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate whether maternal BMI is a risk factor for neonatal death in select Asian countries, including the nature of association between maternal BMI and the discrete timing of neonatal death. ⋯ Interventions should target high-risk pregnancies to reduce the rate of neonatal mortality. With the help of community health workers or physicians, preconception counseling of prospective mothers with abnormal BMI should be devised. If conceived, underweight or overweight or obese women should be marked as high-risk pregnancy during their antenatal care visits, and they must be encouraged for delivery at an institution equipped with an emergency obstetric and neonatal care unit.