Nutrition
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Pain is a significant problem in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and is associated with prostaglandins derived from the ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) arachidonic acid. The ω-3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid have been shown to reduce inflammation, with some studies showing clinical improvements in RA. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effect of ω-3 PUFAs on arthritic pain. ⋯ ω-3 PUFAs may have a therapeutic role in decreasing pain associated with RA, with doses of 3 to 6 g/d appearing to have a greater effect. Due to the limitations identified in the RCTs included in this review, more research is needed to investigate ω-3 PUFAs in larger populations and over extended periods of time.
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The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a common variant of the fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene, rs3751812 in obese Pakistani individuals, compare this effect with nonobese controls of the same ethnicity, and then correlate it with serum lipid profile and anthropometric parameters. ⋯ The study concludes that the FTO variant is consistently associated with obesity in the Pakistani population and its association with anthropometric and lipid parameters show that it may mediate its role by altering fat deposition and disturbing serum lipid profile. However, future studies with larger sample size are needed to validate the results of the present study.
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Serum diamine oxidase (DAO) activity varies to a greater extent in women than in men. DAO activity during the luteal phase was higher than that during the follicular phase in healthy women. Recent reports have indicated that duodenal lipid infusion increased DAO activity in the intestinal lymph in rats. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of dietary nutrient intake on serum DAO activity in healthy women. ⋯ In healthy women, serum DAO activity was influenced by dietary fatty acid and micronutrient intake.
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Observational Study
Dietary habits; concentration of copper, zinc, and Cu-to-Zn ratio in serum and ability status of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
Dietary habits and adequate intake of antioxidants in the diet-for example, copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn)-may be an environmental factor in the occurrence of multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of dietary habits on the concentration of Cu, Zn in the serum, and the effect of Cu-to-Zn ratio on the ability status of patients with relapsing-remitting MS. ⋯ Lower serum concentrations of Zn and higher ratio of Cu to Zn in patients with MS can suggest a relationship between MS and oxidative stress. Products that are a source of Zn should be included in the diet, which can improve the clinical condition of people with MS.
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In the last decade, it was demonstrated that the Mediterranean diet (MD) represents an ideal diet for all age groups and has an important role in the prevention of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, as well as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of the present study was to analyze the association between adherence to the MD and NAFLD, with laboratory and histologic evaluation, in a group of children and adolescents with obesity. ⋯ The MD could be a safe and inexpensive therapeutic option for children with obesity and NAFLD.