Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Tolerance and efficacy of a polyamine-deficient diet for the treatment of perioperative pain.
Polyamines have been identified as pain agonists and interact with N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. A prospective, randomized, multicenter, and blinded phase II clinical trial was conducted to evaluate a polyamine-deficient diet for the treatment of perioperative pain in patients during spinal surgery. ⋯ Suppression of polyamines from the diet offers a nutrition-based treatment option for perioperative pain reduction independent of and complementary to typical analgesic approaches.
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Disease-related weight loss is relatively common in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM), but limited data exist regarding the effects of nutritional status on survival. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between malnutrition (as measured by Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment [PG-SGA]) and clinical characteristics of patients with MM, and to investigate the association between the PG-SGA score before chemotherapy and overall survival in MM patients. ⋯ A higher PG-SGA score before chemotherapy was associated with reduced survival among patients with MM. Nutritional evaluation should be an integral part of the clinical assessment of MM patients, and the PG-SGA score would be an appropriate tool to evaluate nutritional status.
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The aim of this study was to examine differences in fatty acid concentrations in colostrum of women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The effect of GDM on fatty acid composition of colostrum is not fully understood, although rates of GDM are increasing globally. ⋯ Differences in concentrations of ω-6 fatty acids but not in dietary linoleic fatty acid or ω-3 fatty acids suggest that altered concentrations are attributed to changes in specific endogenous metabolic pathways. Implications of higher concentrations of ω-6 fatty acids in the colostrum of women with GDM have yet to be determined. Timing of colostrum collection is critical in determining colostral fatty acid and metabolite concentrations.
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Increasing evidence has suggested a protective role of vitamin D on metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, studies addressing this issue are limited in Asia and it remains unclear whether calcium could modify the association. We examined the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status with MetS, and the potential effect modification by calcium intake in a Japanese working population. ⋯ Our results suggest that higher circulating vitamin D is associated with decreased likelihood of having MetS among Japanese adults.
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Oral feeding intolerance (OFI) is a common complication of acute pancreatitis that leads to prolonged hospitalization, increased use of hospital resources, and impaired quality of life. However, there are no clinically useful predictors of OFI. The aims of this study were to determine whether gastrointestinal dysmotility is associated with the development of OFI, and whether the gastroparesis cardinal symptom index (GCSI) can be used as a predictive tool in a clinical setting. ⋯ Gastrointestinal dysmotility is associated with the development of OFI and the GCSI has potential as a clinically useful predictive tool in the setting of acute pancreatitis. The developed nomogram holds promise but needs to be validated externally.