Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effect of bovine lactoferrin from iron-fortified formulas on morbidity of diarrhea and respiratory tract infections of weaned infants in a randomized controlled trial.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with bovine lactoferrin (bLf) from iron-fortified formulas on diarrhea and respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in weaned infants. ⋯ The beneficial effects on infectious morbidity over 3 mo highlighted the potential of bLF supplementation for previously weaned infants; these findings may be applicable to other infants living in similar socioeconomic districts.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of breakfast omission on subjective appetite, metabolism, acylated ghrelin and GLP-17-36 during rest and exercise.
Breakfast omission induces compensatory eating behaviour at lunch, but often reduces daily energy intake. This study investigated the effect of breakfast omission on within-day subjective appetite, energy expenditure, substrate utilisation, and appetite hormone profiles, in response to standardised feeding and exercise. ⋯ The results of this laboratory-controlled study suggest that the effects of breakfast omission are transient and do not extend beyond lunch, even when the negative energy balance created by breakfast omission is sustained via standardised feeding and exercise.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of wholegrain cereal foods on plasma short chain fatty acid concentrations in individuals with the metabolic syndrome.
Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) derived from dietary fiber fermentation by gut microbiota have been identified as one of the mechanisms behind the association between habitual whole-grain intake and a lower risk of cardiometabolic diseases. The aims of the present work are: (1) to evaluate whether a whole-grain wheat-based diet may increase SCFAs concentration, and (2) to identify possible associations between SCFAs and metabolic changes observed after the nutritional intervention. ⋯ A 12-wk whole-grain wheat-based diet increases fasting plasma propionate. This increase correlates with the cereal fiber intake and is associated with lower postprandial insulin concentrations.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
ω-3 fatty acids as an adjuvant therapy ameliorates methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity in children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A randomized placebo-controlled study.
Methotrexate (MTX)-induced hepatotoxicity is a significant clinical problem that may affect overall prognosis and disease outcome. Oxidative stress is a key player in its pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ω-3 fatty acids as an adjuvant therapy in children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) during the maintenance phase of chemotherapy and the effect of ω-3 on MTX-induced hepatotoxicity. ⋯ The study determined that ω-3 fatty acids ameliorated MTX-induced hepatotoxicity and could be safely used during the maintenance phase of ALL.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Chamomile tea improves glycemic indices and antioxidants status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Oxidative stress is a major factor in the pathogenesis of diabetes complications. The objectives were to investigate the effects of chamomile tea consumption on glycemic control and antioxidant status in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2 DM). ⋯ Short term intake of chamomile tea has beneficial effects on glycemic control and antioxidant status in patients with T2 DM. A larger sample population and a longer intervention period may be required to show significant clinical improvements.