Nutrition
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Newborns of diabetic mothers have abnormal circulatory organs, so in this study, we explore insulin signaling in the newborn rat heart. ⋯ A maternal diet rich in fish oil improves cardiac Akt-related signaling in the offspring of diabetic rats.
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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of disorders affecting heart and blood vessels. However, protective roles are proposed for Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-style diets. ⋯ In conclusion, our results showed that a DASH-like diet can significantly protect against CVDs, CHD, stroke, and HF risk by 20%, 21%, 19% and 29%, respectively. Furthermore, there is a significant reverse linear association between DASH diet consumption and CVDs, CHD, stroke, and HF risk.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A randomized controlled clinical trial investigating the effect of DASH diet on insulin resistance, inflammation, and oxidative stress in gestational diabetes.
To our knowledge, no reports are available indicating the effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) eating plan on insulin resistance, inflammation, and oxidative stress among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study was designed to investigate the effects of the DASH diet on insulin resistance, serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and biomarkers of oxidative stress among pregnant women with GDM. ⋯ Consumption of the DASH diet in pregnant women with GDM had beneficial effects on FPG, serum insulin levels, HOMA-IR score, plasma TAC, and total GSH levels. The effects of this dietary pattern on pregnancy outcomes need to be investigated in future studies.
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Multicenter Study
Prevalence of pressure ulcers in hospitals in Brazil and association with nutritional status--a multicenter, cross-sectional study.
Pressure ulcers (PU) represent a widespread, painful, and expensive health care problem directly associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and length of hospital stay. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of PU in hospitalised patients in public and private Brazilian institutions and the ulcers' associations with nutritional status and other risk factors. ⋯ The prevalence of PU in Brazilian general hospitals is high, and the prevalence of malnutrition is extremely high. Malnourishment is one of the most important risk factors associated with the development and severity of PU in hospitals. Patients who are malnourished are more prone to developing PU.
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Comparative Study
Changes in dietary intake and food sources of saturated and cis and trans unsaturated fatty acids in Costa Rican adolescents: 1996 versus 2006.
To identify how dietary intake and food sources of saturated (SFA) and cis (PUFA) and trans (TFA) unsaturated fatty acids in the diet of Costa Rican adolescents changed from 1996 to 2006--a period with several public health nutrition changes. ⋯ After public health initiatives that changed fatty acid profile of most foods, intakes of TFA, SFA, and food sources of fatty acids in adolescents' diets improved. Public health nutrition efforts should continue to strengthen diets that are low in SFA and TFA and higher in ALA content among Costa Rican adolescents.