Nutrition
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We analyzed the interferon-α (IFN-α), IFN-β, and proinflammatory responses induced by Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from obese subjects and their association with suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS1) and SOCS3 expression. ⋯ These data suggest that obesity is related to impaired IFN-α and IFN-β responses and increased SOCS3 basal mRNA expression and that a signaling pathway by TLR-3 may be involved. These results could explain, at least in part, the inadequate response of obese people against viral infections, such as influenza.
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The impact of obesity on ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) is still poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of waist circumference (WC) and body mass index as predictors of cardiac remodeling in patients after an anterior MI. ⋯ Waist circumference, but not body mass index, is a predictor of ventricular remodeling after an anterior MI. Therefore, the WC of these patients should be measured in clinical practice.
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To analyze the effect of the fatty acid-binding protein (FABP2) gene Ala54Thr polymorphism on anthropometric and biochemical variables in response to a moderate-fat diet in overweight or obese subjects. ⋯ This study showed that the Thr54 allele carriers responded better to a moderate-fat diet.
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We examined the associations between eating behavior at baseline and changes in eating behaviors with weight change, and quantified the contribution of eating behavior and genetic effects on weight change. ⋯ These results suggest that an increase in external eating may predict adult weight gain in men and women. However, the relative contribution of eating behavior to weight change was very small, whereas the contribution of genetic effects on weight change was significant in women.