Nutrition
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Milk fat globule membrane (INPULSE) enriched formula milk decreases febrile episodes and may improve behavioral regulation in young children.
Polar lipids constitute an important part of cellular membranes. The mucosal surface of the gastrointestinal tract is a critical barrier between noxious and immunogenic substances in the lumen and the mucosal immune system. ⋯ Regular consumption of formula enriched with a concentrated milk fat membrane (INPULSE) product by preschool children was safe, well tolerated, and, based on per-protocol analysis, is associated with a significant decrease in the number of short febrile episodes and leads to improved behavioral regulation.
-
Multicenter Study
Changes in dietary habits and eating practices in adolescents living in urban South Africa: the birth to twenty cohort.
To assess changes in the dietary habits and eating practices of a longitudinal cohort of adolescents over a 5-y period living in Soweto and Johannesburg. ⋯ Poor eating habits in all three environments were found; the participants' propensity for foods that were energy dense and micronutrient poor was high. This study also found that dietary patterns are well established by 13 y of age.
-
To assess whether selenium and carboxymethyl-lysine (CML), two biomarkers of oxidative stress, are independent predictors of anemia in older community-dwelling adults. ⋯ Elevated plasma CML and low plasma selenium are long-term independent predictors of anemia in older community-dwelling adults. These findings support the idea that oxidative stress contributes to the development of anemia.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on inflammatory markers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and homocysteine) in patients with coronary artery disease.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on inflammatory markers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP], interleukin-6 [IL-6], and homocysteine) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). ⋯ Coenzyme Q10 supplementation at a dosage of 150 mg appears to decrease the inflammatory marker IL-6 in patients with CAD.
-
Review
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children now: lifestyle changes and pharmacologic treatments.
Over the past decade, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of most common chronic liver diseases in children. A greater understanding about the risk factors and molecular pathogenesis of NAFLD suggests that lifestyle interventions aiming to decrease obesity/body mass index and metabolic derangement are the first line of treatments adopted in children affected by this disease. However, because these therapeutic options are often at the beginning misjudged by the patients and their parents, the use of pharmacologic agents may help to protect the liver and other organs from further irreversible tissue damage. ⋯ On this basis, insulin sensitizers, antioxidants, cytoprotective agents, and dietary supplementations have been evaluated in pediatric clinical trials. In this review, we discuss the efficacy of the dietary approaches, possibly coupled with regular exercise, on decreasing the metabolic and histologic damage in pediatric NAFLD. We also emphasize several advantages of the pharmacologic treatments adopted or adoptable in combination with lifestyle interventions in children with NAFLD.