Nutrition
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Supplemental glutamine (Gln) has been demonstrated to improve the immunologic response and reduce mortality in rodents with sepsis. However, the effects of Gln on gut-associated lymphoid tissue function after infection and sepsis are not clear. We investigated the effects of Gln-supplemented diets before sepsis, Gln-enriched total parenteral nutrition (TPN) after sepsis, or both on the intestinal immunity in rats with gut-derived sepsis. ⋯ Preventive use of a Gln-supplemented enteral diet before CLP or intravenous Gln supplementation after CLP have similar effects in promoting proliferation of total lymphocyte in gut-associated lymphoid tissue, enhancing IgA secretion, and maintaining T-lymphocyte populations in Peyer's patches. Gln administered before and after CLP did not seem to have a synergistic effect on enhancing mucosal immunity in rats with gut-derived sepsis.
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We evaluated the effects of l-arginine-enriched total enteral nutrition (LATEN) on tumor-free and right kidney tumor-bearing rats through the determination of in vivo concentrations of metabolites to better understand intermediary metabolism in this model. ⋯ LATEN decreased ketone body concentrations in liver and kidney in tumor-free rats, possibly due to lower ketogenesis and decreased kidney uptake. In tumor-bearing rats, LATEN decreased lacticemia and glycemia and pyruvate blood concentrations. LATEN also reduced liver and tumor glucose concentrations in tumor-bearing animals. The possibility of LATEN-induced insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 liberation signaling these changes is discussed.