Nutrition
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In recent times, there has been growing interest in understanding the factors contributing to prolonged and healthy lifespans observed in specific populations, tribes, or countries. Factors such as environmental and dietary play significant roles in shaping the ageing process and are often the focus of inquiries seeking to unravel the secrets behind longevity. Among these factors, diet emerges as a primary determinant, capable of either promoting or mitigating the onset of age-related diseases that impact the ageing trajectory. ⋯ Each diet type is characterized by distinct nutritional profiles, emphasizing specific food groups, macronutrient compositions, and bioactive components, which may exert diverse effects on ageing processes and disease risk. Additionally, dietary factors such as calorie restriction, intermittent fasting, and dietary supplementation are explored for their potential anti-ageing and disease-modifying effects. Understanding the influence of various diet types on ageing and age-related diseases can inform personalized dietary recommendations and lifestyle interventions aimed at promoting healthy aging and mitigating age-associated morbidities.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Nutritional support after hospital discharge reduces long-term mortality in patients after gastric cancer surgery: Secondary analysis of a prospective randomized trial.
Nutritional support after hospital discharge was found to enhance the nutritional condition of patients after cancer surgery. However, the effect of such support on long-term clinical outcomes is controversial. We thus investigated the effect of nutritional support after hospital discharge on long-term clinical outcomes in patients after gastric cancer surgery. ⋯ Nutritional support after hospital discharge reduced long-term mortality and improved handgrip strength among patients at nutritional risk after gastric cancer surgery. The current investigation provides evidence for the recommendation of nutritional support, for post-surgery patients after hospital discharge, in cancer management guidelines.
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Multicenter Study
Calf circumference-albumin index significantly predicts the prognosis of older patients with cancer cachexia: A multicenter cohort study.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined prognostic value of calf circumference (CC) and serum albumin on mortality in patients with cancer cachexia aged ≥65 years. ⋯ The CCA index could significantly predict the mortality of older patients with cancer cachexia, which might provide renewed assistance for future clinical management.
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Multicenter Study
Latin American Study on parenteral and enteral nutritional therapy-ELANPE Study ELANPE Group.
We describe the status of medical nutrition therapy in adult patients in several hospitals in Latin America in 2023. with the aim of deepening understanding of its implementation and thus, in turn, contributing to the advancement of future guidelines. ⋯ There are still low implementation percentages of nutritional screening, formation of nutritional therapy teams, and use of oral supplements. Malnutrition upon admission is within the expected range.
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Body composition evaluation can be used to assess patients' nutritional status to predict clinical outcomes. To facilitate reliable and time-efficient body composition measurements eligible for clinical practice, fully automated computed tomography segmentation methods were developed. The aim of this study was to evaluate automated segmentation by Data Analysis Facilitation Suite in an independent dataset. ⋯ Commercially available Data Analysis Facilitation Suite provides similar results compared to manual measurements of body composition at the level of third lumbar vertebra. This software provides accurate and time-efficient body composition measurements, which is necessary for implementation in clinical practice.