Nutrition
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The study aimed to identify the main folate sources and examine socio-demographic and lifestyle determinants influencing folate intake among 1410 women aged 18 to 39. ⋯ Identifying factors associated with a higher intake of folate may be helpful in shaping public health nutrition policy. It allows the design of effective nutrition education programs to promote increased intake of folate in subgroups at risk of deficiency.
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We aimed to screen for the risk of sarcopenia and sarcopenia-related quality of life and associated factors of people living with HIV (PLWH). ⋯ We verified that only 5.9% and 17.3% of PLWH are at risk of sarcopenia and presented lower sarcopenia-related quality of life, respectively. Only the gastrointestinal symptoms were associated with a risk of sarcopenia and lower sarcopenia-related quality of life, without significant differences between age groups.
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In Pakistan, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has sharply increased in recent years. Although several studies have reported global risk factors for CRC, no study has been conducted in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan, to investigate the risk factors associated with the increased CRC burden in this population. ⋯ Given these findings, targeted health education is necessary to prevent the increase in CRC in this area. We also recommend developing and enforcing appropriate control guidelines for cancer risk factors to curb the incidence of CRC.
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Child malnutrition, comprising of undernutrition and obesity, is a global concern with severe implications for survival, leading to acute and chronic diseases that adversely affect the productivity of individuals and society. Asia shoulders the greatest burden, with 7 out of 10 undernourished children residing in the region. Despite the decline in global child stunting, particularly in Asia, its prevalence remains significant. In 2017, an estimated 151 million children under five experienced stunting, and an additional 38 million were overweight, with Africa and Asia accounting for 25% and 46% of the global figures, respectively. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the geospatial and environmental determinants of undernutrition in rural South and Southeast Asia. ⋯ This paper emphasizes the role of environmental and climatic factors on child nutrition, underscoring their significance regardless of socio-economic conditions. As the impacts of climate change continue to intensify, and agrarian societies bear the brunt, these factors will play a critical role in shaping child nutritional outcomes. Thus, amid growing climate change, nutritional security should be prioritized, considering the spatial domain and targeting climate distress areas along with other socio-economic and demographic aspects.
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The aim was to investigate the intergenerational inheritance induced by a high-fat diet on sensitivity to insulin and leptin in the hypothalamic control of satiety in second-generation offspring, which were fed a control diet. ⋯ Overall, progenitors fed a high-fat diet induced changes in the hypothalamic control of satiety of the second-generation offspring from progenitors fed the high-fat diet through intergenerational inheritance. These changes led to hyperphagia, alterations in the hypothalamic pathways of insulin, and leptin and adiposity index increase, favoring the occurrence of different cardiometabolic disorders in the second-generation offspring from progenitors fed the high-fat diet fed only with the control diet.