Nutrition
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Multicenter Study
Latin American Study on parenteral and enteral nutritional therapy-ELANPE Study ELANPE Group.
We describe the status of medical nutrition therapy in adult patients in several hospitals in Latin America in 2023. with the aim of deepening understanding of its implementation and thus, in turn, contributing to the advancement of future guidelines. ⋯ There are still low implementation percentages of nutritional screening, formation of nutritional therapy teams, and use of oral supplements. Malnutrition upon admission is within the expected range.
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Body composition evaluation can be used to assess patients' nutritional status to predict clinical outcomes. To facilitate reliable and time-efficient body composition measurements eligible for clinical practice, fully automated computed tomography segmentation methods were developed. The aim of this study was to evaluate automated segmentation by Data Analysis Facilitation Suite in an independent dataset. ⋯ Commercially available Data Analysis Facilitation Suite provides similar results compared to manual measurements of body composition at the level of third lumbar vertebra. This software provides accurate and time-efficient body composition measurements, which is necessary for implementation in clinical practice.
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The intent of the present study was to elucidate the association of eating alone and depressive symptoms with the development of disability among community-dwelling older adults, using a longitudinal study. ⋯ This study confirmed that eating alone was associated with an incident disability after adjusting for the covariates. Furthermore, the present study suggests an indirect relationship between eating alone and incident disability via depressive symptoms, the result of the structural equation model.
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Observational Study
Global Leadership Initiative in Sarcopenia (GLIS)-defined sarcopenia increases the mortality of esophageal cancer patients after esophagectomy: A Chinese real-world cohort study.
To assess the impact of the definition of the Global Leadership Initiative in Sarcopenia (GLIS) on mortality in esophageal cancer (EC) patients, postesophagectomy, within a Chinese cohort and to validate the effectiveness of a new GLIS framework in oncology. ⋯ GLIS-defined sarcopenia is prevalent among Chinese EC patients and is linked to increased mortality risk postesophagectomy. This finding offers compelling evidence and serves as a valuable reference for the establishment of an operational definition of GLIS sarcopenia.
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Undernourishment can significantly affect the serotonergic system, potentially increasing the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety. Probiotic therapy has emerged as a potential modulator of the serotonergic system and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Our hypothesis posits that probiotic treatment positively influences the serotonergic system and BDNF levels in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HIP), mitigating the effects of malnutrition. ⋯ Probiotic administration effectively modulated the gut-microbiota-brain axis by enhancing serotonergic system proteins in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of both nourished and undernourished rats.