Surgical endoscopy
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Laparoscopy offers some evidence of benefit compared to open rectal surgery. Robotic rectal surgery is evolving into an accepted approach. The objective was to analyze and compare laparoscopic and robotic rectal surgery learning curves with respect to operative times and perioperative outcomes for a novice minimally invasive colorectal surgeon. ⋯ Initial robotic operative times improved with practice rapidly and eventually became faster than those for laparoscopy. Developing both laparoscopic and robotic skills simultaneously can provide acceptable perioperative outcomes in rectal surgery. It might be suggested that in the current milieu of clashing interests between evolving technology and economic constrains, there might be advantages in embracing both approaches.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The efficacy of topical bupivacaine and triamcinolone acetonide injection in the relief of pain after endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastric neoplasia: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Although pain is a common complication of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), management strategies are inadequate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of topical bupivacaine and triamcinolone acetonide for abdominal pain relief and as a potential method of pain control after ESD for gastric neoplasia. ⋯ Bupivacaine after ESD was effective for pain relief at 6 h postoperatively. Particularly, topical infiltration of bupivacaine mixed with triamcinolone acetonide was helpful for producing a more long-lasting benefit of pain relief after gastric ESD.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Adenoma detection at colonoscopy by polypectomy in withdrawal only versus both insertion and withdrawal: a randomized controlled trial.
Colonic configuration during insertion phase (IP) and withdrawal phase (WP) is different and some polyps seen during IP are difficult to find during WP and vice versa. To determine if polypectomy performed during both IP and WP of colonoscopy (study arm) increases adenoma detection rate (ADR) compared to WP only (control arm). In this prospective randomized controlled trial, adults undergoing out-patient colonoscopy were enrolled. The primary outcome was mean number of adenomas detected per patient. Secondary outcomes were ADR, defined as the proportion of colonoscopies with at least one adenoma, polyp detection rates (PDR), number of patients classified as high-risk group (presence of ≥3 adenomas of any size, any adenoma ≥1 cm in size, or adenoma with villous component, or high grade dysplasia), procedural times, patients discomfort, and ease of procedure. Among 772 patients enrolled, 610 were included (329 in study arm and 281 in control arm). In both arms, mean number of adenomas detected per patient were similar, 0.78 ± 1.4 vs. 0.74 ± 1.5, P = 0.75. Also, ADR (39.2 vs. 38.1 %, P = 0.77) and PDR (57.1 and 54.1 %, P = 0.45) were similar. Mean insertion time was significantly higher in study arm (10.2 ± 5.8 vs. 9.3 ± 5.6 min, p = 0.046). Proportion of patients identified as high-risk group were significantly higher in study arm (18.8 vs. 11.7 %, P = 0.016). ⋯ Polypectomy performed during both IP and WP compared to the WP only, did not improve ADR or mean number of adenomas detected per patient.
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We have previously reported that laparoscopic approach improved short-term postoperative courses even for advanced gastric adenocarcinoma, but not morbidity, in comparison with open approach. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of the use of the surgical robot, da Vinci Surgical System, in minimally invasive radical gastrectomy on short-term outcomes. ⋯ The use of the surgical robot might reduce surgery-related complications, leading to further improvement in short-term postoperative courses following minimally invasive radical gastrectomy.
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Diaphragmatic injuries from penetrating thoracoabdominal trauma are notoriously difficult to detect with clinical and radiological evaluation. The aim of this study was to establish the incidence of diaphragmatic injury from penetrating thoracoabdominal trauma, clinical and radiological features predictive of a diaphragmatic injury and the feasibility of laparoscopic repair. ⋯ Diaphragmatic injury was present in 40 % of patients with left-sided thoracoabdominal injury. Radiological findings were not reliable in predicting diaphragmatic injury. The majority of these injuries can be safely repaired laparoscopically.