Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Additional droperidol, not butorphanol, augments epidural fentanyl analgesia following anorectal surgery.
To examine the effects of additional droperidol or butorphanol to epidural fentanyl infusion on postsurgical analgesia. ⋯ In this study population, additional droperidol, not butorphanol, improved postsurgical analgesia accompanied by less incidence of nausea/vomiting during epidural fentanyl administration.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Effects of oral clonidine premedication on side effects of intravenous ketamine anesthesia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
To determine the effects of oral clonidine premedication on hemodynamic changes during the entire course of ketamine anesthesia and incidence of postoperative adverse reactions. ⋯ Oral clonidine 2.5 micrograms/kg and clonidine 5 micrograms/kg attenuates cardiostimulatory effects, while clonidine 5 micrograms/kg was associated with reduced incidence and severity of nightmare and salivation attributable to i.v. ketamine.
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Case Reports
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) with resistance to local anesthetic block: a case report.
We present a case of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) Type 1 in a 12-year-old girl. The patient did not respond to the usual therapeutic modalities used to treat CRPS, including physical therapy, lumbar sympathetic block, epidural local anesthetic block, intravenous lidocaine infusion, or other oral medications. Of note is the fact that, during epidural block, the patient demonstrated a resistance to local anesthetic neural blockade in the area of the body involved with the pain problem. The mechanism of this resistance could be related to the changes in the dorsal horn cells of the spinal cord, secondary to activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, which may play a role in the pathophysiology of this pain syndrome.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Pooled analysis of three large clinical trials to determine the optimal dose of dolasetron mesylate needed to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting. The Dolasetron Prophylaxis Study Group.
To identify the maximally effective dolasetron dose (i.e., maximum efficacy with minimum adverse events) for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) using the statistical power generated in a pooled patient sample from three large, nearly identical clinical trials. ⋯ Dolasetron 12.5 mg, given near the end of anesthesia, is the maximally effective dose studied for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting.