Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy of oropharyngeal lidocaine instillation on hemodynamic responses to orotracheal intubation.
To determine whether oropharyngeal instillation of lidocaine after anesthetic induction modifies the hemodynamic response to intubation. ⋯ Oropharyngeal instillation of lidocaine for three minutes before intubation attenuates the cardiovascular responses to intubation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Addition of midazolam to continuous postoperative epidural bupivacaine infusion reduces requirement for rescue analgesia in children undergoing upper abdominal and flank surgery.
To investigate the effect of adding midazolam to continuous epidural infusion of bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia in children. ⋯ Addition of 20 microg/kg/hr of midazolam to postoperative continuous epidural infusion of 0.125% bupivacaine reduces the requirement for rescue analgesia in children following upper abdominal and flank surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of fentanyl and sufentanil as adjuncts to bupivacaine for labor epidural analgesia.
To compare the clinical efficacy of theoretically equipotent doses of fentanyl and sufentanil, each in combination with bupivacaine, for patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) for labor. ⋯ At the assumed equipotent sufentanil to fentanyl ratio of 6:1, there is some evidence that sufentanil is clinically superior to fentanyl as an adjunct to bupivacaine in labor epidurals, although the advantages are subtle.