Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Systemic lidocaine decreases the Bispectral Index in the presence of midazolam, but not its absence.
To evaluate the effects of intravenous (IV) lidocaine on the Bispectral Index (BIS) in the presence or absence of midazolam. ⋯ IV lidocaine decreases BIS in the presence of midazolam, suggesting that the effect of lidocaine on BIS is not direct, but rather results from modulation by midazolam.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Does the covering of children during induction of anesthesia have an effect on body temperature at the end of surgery?
To determine whether the covering of healthy children during anesthetic induction reduces hypothermia at the end of minor surgeries. ⋯ Leaving healthy children uncovered during induction of general anesthesia does not have a clinically significant effect on core temperature at the end of induction or of surgery.
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Comparative Study Controlled Clinical Trial
Shoulder and head elevation improves laryngoscopic view for tracheal intubation in nonobese as well as obese individuals.
To determine whether shoulder and head elevation, such that the patient's ear lies at or higher than the sternum ("ramp"), improves laryngoscopic grade in adult patients of various body mass index (BMI) values. ⋯ Shoulder and head elevation by any means that brings the patient's sternum onto the horizontal plane of the external auditory meatus maintains or improves laryngoscopic view significantly.
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Acquired tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is a life-threatening disorder of the airway that requires early diagnosis and treatment. The case of an infant who had delayed development of a TEF following endoscopic removal of a disc battery lodged in the midesophagus is reported. A repeat bronchoscopy, performed for respiratory distress 4 days later, showed a large defect in the posterior wall of the distal trachea, including the carina. A Foley catheter was used for airway management in the repair of the acquired TEF.