Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Cardiovascular safety of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-diclofenac in the management of acute postsurgical pain: a pooled analysis of 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active comparator-controlled phase III clinical trials.
Long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including selective and nonselective cyclooxygenase inhibitors, has been suggested to be associated with cardiovascular (CV) safety risks. Data are limited regarding CV risks associated with short-term nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, including injectable formulations, although it has been suggested that even a single dose may increase CV adverse event (AE) risk. The objective of this study was to examine the CV safety of an injectable diclofenac formulation solubilized with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) when given for ≤5days postoperatively. ⋯ Although a longer duration follow-up study in a larger patient population would expand our understanding of potential CV risks, the present analysis suggests that postoperative use of HPβCD-diclofenac does not present an added CV safety risk over placebo.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Oral mask ventilation is more effective than face mask ventilation after nasal surgery.
To evaluate and compare the face mask (FM) and oral mask (OM) ventilation techniques during anesthesia emergence regarding tidal volume, leak volume, and difficult mask ventilation (DMV) incidence. ⋯ During anesthesia emergence after nasal surgery the OM may offer an effective ventilation method as it decreases the incidence of DMV and the gas leak around the mask and provides higher tidal volume delivery compared with FM ventilation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A randomized placebo-controlled study of preoperative pregabalin for postoperative analgesia in patients with spinal surgery.
To determine whether single preoperative administration of 2 different doses of pregabalin (75 and 150 mg) could decrease postoperative pain intensity and opioid consumption following posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery. ⋯ Single preoperative administration of 150 mg of pregabalin 2 hours prior to surgery reduced postoperative pain intensity and morphine consumption compared with 5 mg diazepam in patients who underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion.
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Comparative Study Controlled Clinical Trial
Prone position results in enhanced pressor response to ephedrine compared with supine position during general anesthesia.
To elucidate and compare the pressor response to ephedrine in the prone or supine position during general anesthesia (GA). ⋯ Compared to the supine position, the prone position could augment the pressor response to IV ephedrine during GA. Further studies are recommended to identify its association with other confounding factors such as surgery type or duration, patient history of cardiovascular disease, or patient hydration status.
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The prevalence of depression in patients with cardiovascular disease is higher than general population and especially following an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), a significant number of patients report a wide spectrum of behavioral and mood changes attributable to clinical depression. Treatment of depression following ACS event is particularly challenging since most of the therapeutic modalities are associated with increasing the systemic sympathetic tone from neurogenic or pharmacologic sources. Increased activity of the adrenergic and catecholamine activity may further deter the myocardial oxygen supply and demand therefore treating depression should be carefully evaluated for its risk benefit ratio. ⋯ Patients who refuse to take medications or present with any psychological emergency such as harming self or others, are also candidates for ECT. ECT is also associated with sudden surges of catecholamines and may cause recurrent myocardial ischemia and fatal dysrhythmias in patients convalescing from an ACS event. Herein, we provide an overview and practical guidelines for management of patients presented for ECT following ACS.