Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Pooled analysis of three large clinical trials to determine the optimal dose of dolasetron mesylate needed to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting. The Dolasetron Prophylaxis Study Group.
To identify the maximally effective dolasetron dose (i.e., maximum efficacy with minimum adverse events) for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) using the statistical power generated in a pooled patient sample from three large, nearly identical clinical trials. ⋯ Dolasetron 12.5 mg, given near the end of anesthesia, is the maximally effective dose studied for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Effects of pretreatment with cisatracurium, rocuronium, and d-tubocurarine on succinylcholine-induced fasciculations and myalgia: a comparison with placebo.
To evaluate the efficacy of cisatracurium, rocuronium, and d-tubocurarine in preventing succinylcholine-induced fasciculations and postoperative myalgia in patients undergoing ambulatory surgery. ⋯ Pretreatment with rocuronium and d-tubocurarine was superior to cisatracurium in preventing succinylcholine-induced fasciculations. However, pretreatment did not have any effect on the incidence of myalgia after ambulatory surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Influence of thiopental and propofol on postoperative cognitive recovery in the elderly patient undergoing general anesthesia.
To assess mental and psychomotor recovery following induction of anesthesia with thiopental or propofol in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia. ⋯ When compared to thiopental, propofol does not facilitate improved cognitive recovery in geriatric patients undergoing prolonged surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Low doses of epidural ketamine or neostigmine, but not midazolam, improve morphine analgesia in epidural terminal cancer pain therapy.
To examine analgesia and adverse effects of combination epidural pain therapy consisting of administration of morphine with either low dose of ketamine, neostigmine, or midazolam in terminal cancer pain patients. ⋯ The association of either low-dose epidural ketamine or neostigmine (but not midazolam) to epidural morphine increased the duration of analgesia in the population studied (gt;20 days) compared to the CG and MG (8 to 10 days) when administered in the early stages of terminal cancer pain therapy, without increasing the incidence of adverse effects.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of incidence of gastroesophageal reflux and regurgitation associated with timing of removal of the laryngeal mask airway: on appearance of signs of rejection versus after recovery of consciousness.
To compare the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux and regurgitation associated with laryngeal mask airway (LMA) removal when signs of rejecting the LMA, such as swallowing, struggling, and restlessness, were observed and when the patient could open his or her mouth on command. ⋯ Maintenance of the LMA until the patient can open his or her mouth on command increases the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux.