Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effects of anesthetic technique on side effects associated with fentanyl Oralet premedication.
To evaluate the efficacy of 5 to 10 micrograms/kg of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) as an anesthetic premedication, and to determine whether propofol induction reduces postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in pediatric patients premedicated with OTFC undergoing outpatient surgery. ⋯ OTFC in doses of 5 to 10 micrograms/kg was effective in producing sedation and facilitating cooperation with induction; however, it was associated with significant PONV in our study. Although propofol induction did not significantly reduce PONV in our study, further study with a larger sample, and with propofol as the sole anesthetic, may be warranted.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Rocuronium versus succinylcholine for rapid-sequence induction using a variation of the timing principle.
To determine if, using a variation of the "timing" principle, 0.6 mg/kg of rocuronium can achieve an onset time and intubating conditions similar to those achieved with succinylcholine. ⋯ Rocuronium given 20 seconds prior to thiopental provides intubating conditions equivalent to thiopental-succinylcholine for rapid-sequence inductions, circumventing rocuronium's longer onset time to 95% neuromuscular blockade.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Is intravenous lidocaine an effective adjuvant for endotracheal intubation in children undergoing induction of anesthesia with halothane-nitrous oxide?
To evaluate the efficacy of intravenous (i.v.) lidocaine in suppressing the cough reflex and increases in intraocular pressure (IOP), heart rate (HR), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) elicited by endotracheal intubation. ⋯ In healthy premedicated children, aged 2 to 6 years, who are undergoing induction of anesthesia with halothane-N2O, 2 mg/kg of lidocaine given 90 seconds prior to laryngoscopy effectively suppresses the cough reflex and increase in IOP secondary to endotracheal intubation and attenuates increases in HR and MAP.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Catecholamine and renin-angiotensin response during controlled hypotension induced by prostaglandin E1 combined with hemodilution during isoflurane anesthesia.
To evaluate the catecholamine and renin-angiotensin response during controlled hypotension combined with hemodilution in the clinical setting. ⋯ The combination of hemodilution and PGE1 induced controlled hypotension causes significant responses, especially in a renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system under isoflurane anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Postoperative analgesia with parenteral opioids: does continuous delivery utilizing a transdermal opioid preparation affect analgesic efficacy or patient safety?
To compare, in patients who underwent major orthopedic surgical procedures, the efficacy of intravenous (IV) patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with morphine combined with continuous administration of two doses of fentanyl or placebo via transdermal therapeutic system with fentanyl (TTSF) patches. ⋯ There is no significant advantage to the routine use of continuous transdermal opioid delivery in patients receiving IV PCA after major orthopedic surgery.