Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Additional droperidol, not butorphanol, augments epidural fentanyl analgesia following anorectal surgery.
To examine the effects of additional droperidol or butorphanol to epidural fentanyl infusion on postsurgical analgesia. ⋯ In this study population, additional droperidol, not butorphanol, improved postsurgical analgesia accompanied by less incidence of nausea/vomiting during epidural fentanyl administration.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Effects of oral clonidine premedication on side effects of intravenous ketamine anesthesia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
To determine the effects of oral clonidine premedication on hemodynamic changes during the entire course of ketamine anesthesia and incidence of postoperative adverse reactions. ⋯ Oral clonidine 2.5 micrograms/kg and clonidine 5 micrograms/kg attenuates cardiostimulatory effects, while clonidine 5 micrograms/kg was associated with reduced incidence and severity of nightmare and salivation attributable to i.v. ketamine.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Influence of intravenous clonidine pretreatment on anesthetic requirements during bispectral EEG-guided sevoflurane anesthesia.
To assess the anesthetic effects of clonidine during sevoflurane anesthesia guided by the bispectral index (BIS), which is a processed EEG variable correlated with anesthetic-hypnotic depth. ⋯ Mean sevoflurane requirements were not lower with clonidine pretreatment. There was statistically better perioperative hemodynamic stability (i.e., fewer episodes of hypertension and tachycardia) without clinical relevance. A decreased need for postoperative analgesia was observed.
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Clinical Trial
Pharmacokinetics of ropivacaine during extradural anesthesia for total hip replacement.
To determine plasma concentrations of ropivacaine during epidural anesthesia with ropivacaine 10 mg/mL in patients undergoing elective total hip replacement. ⋯ Ropivacaine 10 mg/mL proved to be suitable for epidural anesthesia for total hip replacement. The plasma concentrations after 120 to 200 mg of its epidural application were not associated with signs of local anesthetic toxicity in patients pretreated with benzodiazepines, even in one case of suspected inadvertent intravascular application.
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Comparative Study
Improved flow and pressure capabilities of the Datex-Ohmeda SmartVent anesthesia ventilator.
To compare the flow and pressure capabilities of the Datex-Ohmeda SmartVent (Ohmeda 7900, Datex-Ohmeda, Madison, WI) to previous Ohmeda (7810 and 7000, Datex-Ohmeda, Madison, WI) anesthesia ventilators. To determine airway pressure and minute ventilation thresholds for intraoperative use of a critical care ventilator. ⋯ The improved pressure and flow capabilities of the SmartVent increase the threshold for using a critical care ventilator intraoperatively to a peak airway pressure > 65 cm H2O and/or VE > 18 L/min.