Current opinion in anaesthesiology
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The physiologically difficult airway is one in which physiologic alterations in the patient increase the risk for cardiorespiratory and other complications during tracheal intubation and transition to positive pressure ventilation. This review will summarize the recent literature around the emerging concept of the physiologically difficult airway, describe its relevance and various patient types in which this entity is observed. ⋯ Understanding the physiological alterations and the risks involved in patients with a physiologically difficult airway is necessary to optimize the physiology and adopt strategies to avoid complications during tracheal intubation. Further research will help us better understand the optimal strategies to improve outcomes in these patients.
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Curr Opin Anaesthesiol · Apr 2022
ReviewSurgical rib fixation in traumatic rib fractures: is it warranted?
Traumatic chest wall injuries and rib fractures remain a prevalent injury. Despite many advances, these injuries result in high morbidity and mortality. Surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) is increasing in utilization with expanding indications. Recent studies have demonstrated that many patients may benefit from surgical intervention. ⋯ SSRF has become more prevalent with improving outcomes for patients. Understanding the indications will help expand utilization and improve patient outcomes.
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Curr Opin Anaesthesiol · Apr 2022
ReviewHealthcare disparities in trauma: why they exist and what we can do.
This review will explore the underlying causes of healthcare disparities among trauma patients and offer considerations for reducing inequities to improve trauma care. ⋯ Race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and access to healthcare drive outcome disparity among trauma patients. These disparities include reduced healthcare services, inadequate pain management, reduced postdischarge care, and increased mortality. Increasing workforce diversity may mitigate implicit bias and improve cultural competency. Social determinants of health impact the disparities in trauma care and offer a framework to address care through creative solutions.
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Curr Opin Anaesthesiol · Apr 2022
ReviewAirway misadventures in adult critical care: a concise narrative review of managing lost or compromised artificial airways.
Loss or compromise of artificial airways in critically ill adults can lead to serious adverse events, including death. In contrast to primary emergency airway management, the optimal management of such scenarios may not be well defined or appreciated. ⋯ Management of lost or otherwise compromised artificial airways is a key skill set for adult critical care clinicians alongside primary emergency airway management.
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Curr Opin Anaesthesiol · Apr 2022
ReviewReview of pediatric hypercarbia and intraoperative management.
Hypercarbia in pediatric patients is an important component of intraoperative management. Despite marked advances in medicine and technology, it is uncertain what the physiological CO2 range in neonates, infants and small children. This data is extrapolated from the adult population. We are going to review advantages and disadvantages of CO2 measurement techniques, causes and systemic effects of hypercarbia. We are going to discuss how to approach management of intraoperative hypercarbia. ⋯ Pediatric anesthesiologists and their teams must remain vigilant and anticipate these developments. Care must be taken to avoid any rapid changes in these vulnerable patients to minimize risks of adverse outcomes.