BMJ : British medical journal
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To determine the cost effectiveness of one-off population based screening for chronic kidney disease based on estimated glomerular filtration rate. ⋯ Population based screening for chronic kidney disease with assessment of estimated glomerular filtration rate is not cost effective overall or in subgroups of people with hypertension or older people. Targeted screening of people with diabetes is associated with a cost per QALY that is similar to that accepted in other interventions funded by public healthcare systems.
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To determine the incidence and characteristics of randomised controlled trials that report using the modified intention to treat approach, and how the approach is described. ⋯ Randomised controlled trials that report using a modified intention to treat are increasingly being published in the medical literature. The descriptions of such an approach were ambiguous, and may cover any type of descriptions for exclusion, such as missing data and deviation from protocol. Explicit statements about post-randomisation exclusions should replace the ambiguous terminology of modified intention to treat.