BMJ : British medical journal
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Review Meta Analysis
Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials and cohort studies.
To summarise evidence on the association between intake of dietary sugars and body weight in adults and children. ⋯ Among free living people involving ad libitum diets, intake of free sugars or sugar sweetened beverages is a determinant of body weight. The change in body fatness that occurs with modifying intakes seems to be mediated via changes in energy intakes, since isoenergetic exchange of sugars with other carbohydrates was not associated with weight change.
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Review Meta Analysis
Influence of trial sample size on treatment effect estimates: meta-epidemiological study.
To assess the influence of trial sample size on treatment effect estimates within meta-analyses. ⋯ Treatment effect estimates differed within meta-analyses solely based on trial sample size, with stronger effect estimates seen in small to moderately sized trials than in the largest trials.
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Review Meta Analysis
Severe hypoglycaemia and cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis with bias analysis.
To provide a systematic and quantitative summary of the association between severe hypoglycaemia and risk of cardiovascular disease in people with type 2 diabetes and to examine the sensitivity of the association to possible uncontrolled confounding by unmeasured comorbid severe illness using a bias analysis. ⋯ Our findings suggest that severe hypoglycaemia is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease; they also support the notion that avoiding severe hypoglycaemia may be important to prevent cardiovascular disease in people with type 2 diabetes.
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Review Meta Analysis
Practices and impact of primary outcome adjustment in randomized controlled trials: meta-epidemiologic study.
To assess adjustment practices for primary outcomes of randomized controlled trials and their impact on the results. ⋯ There is large diversity on whether and how analyses of primary outcomes are adjusted in randomized controlled trials and these choices can sometimes change the nominal significance of the results. Registered protocols should explicitly specify adjustments plans for main outcomes and analysis should follow these plans.