Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2025
Prophylactic pharmacological interventions against perioperative respiratory adverse events in children undergoing noncardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Perioperative respiratory adverse event (PRAE) is one of the most common complications in pediatric anesthesia. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative pharmacological interventions to prevent the development of PRAE in children undergoing noncardiac surgery. ⋯ The meta-analysis demonstrated prophylactic potential of lidocaine, dexmedetomidine, β2-adrenoreceptor agonists and propofol induction technique against PRAE, but it should be interpreted cautiously due to inconsistent PRAE definition and correlation of subtypes within the composite outcome.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2025
The ability of diaphragmatic excursion after extubation to predict the need for resumption of ventilatory support in critically ill surgical patients.
This study evaluated the ability of diaphragmatic excursion (DE), measured 2 h after extubation, to predict the need for resumption of ventilatory support within 48 h in surgical critically ill patients. ⋯ Among surgical critically ill patients undergoing weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation, DE obtained 2h after extubation is an accurate predictor for the need for resumption of ventilatory support. Diaphragmatic excursion < 20-21 mm could predict the need for resumption of ventilatory support with a positive predictive value of 88-92% and negative predictive value of 93-96%.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2025
Visualization of primary afferent-evoked excitation of spinal dorsal horn neurons using an intracellular Ca2+ imaging technique in adult rat spinal cord slices.
Intracellular Ca2+ imaging is a valuable tool for studying neuronal activity; however, its application in the spinal cord of mature animals remains underdeveloped. This study aimed to establish an intracellular Ca2+ imaging method in adult rat spinal cord slices without complex genetic modifications and characterize primary afferent-evoked intracellular Ca2+ responses in spinal dorsal horn neurons. ⋯ This is a simple and effective approach to examining the effects of drugs that target the spinal cord and investigating nociceptive transmission and modulation mechanisms in the spinal dorsal horn.