Journal of anesthesia
-
Journal of anesthesia · Mar 1995
Optimal administration time of intramuscular midazolam premedication.
The optimal administration time for intramuscular injection of midazolam as premedication was studied. Sixty patients ranging in age from 40 to 65 were included. A combination of atropine 0.3-0.5 mg and midazolam 0.08 mg·kg(-1) was given to four groups of 15 subjects each in intramuscular injections 45, 30, 15 min, and immediately before entering the operating room. ⋯ The depression of the root of the tongue, disappearance of verbal response, and eyelash reflex were found in the 30- and 45-min groups. The degree of sedation and amnestic effect were good except for the group who received midazolam immediately before entering the operating room. From the above results, intramuscular injection of midazolam 0.08 mg·kg(-1) with atropine 0.3-0.5 mg is considered best when administered 15 min before entering the operating room.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Mar 1995
Rapid induction with 7% sevoflurane inhalation-not the single-breath method.
The usefulness of the rapid anesthesia induction method with 7% sevoflurane, not the single-breath method, was investigated in 88 patients with ASA physical status 1. Anesthesia was induced with 3 l·min(-1) nitrous oxide in 3 l·min(-1) oxygen and sevoflurane 7% for 3 min (group A), 7% for 5 min (group B), 7% for 7 min (group C), and 5% for 7 min in conventional induction (group D). There were 22 patients in each group. ⋯ The time for the loss of consciousness was shorter in groups A (47.2 s), B (44.9 s), and C (49.8 s) than in group D (73.4 s). During induction, body movements were seen in 18.2% in group A and 13.6% in the other 3 groups, but no other complications such as coughing, breath holding, or laryngospasm were seen in any group. In conclusion, the anesthesia induction method with 3 min of 7% sevoflurane inhalation was useful for rapid induction.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Mar 1995
Use of personal computers for translation and publication of an anesthesia textbook.
We used personal computers extensively for translating and publishing in Japanese an anesthesia textbook originally written in English. The procedure included optical character recognition, scanning of figures, use of computer translation, use of electronic mail and computer type-setting. While these have individually been done previously, this is process of any medical textbook published in Japanese. The advantages of combining these technologies are good exchange of information among individual authors/translators, rapid translation process, preliminary visualization of the final product, and overall high quality of the published book.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Mar 1995
Differential effects of halothane, enflurane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane on the hemodynamics and metabolism in the perfused rat liver in fasted rats.
The effects of volatile anesthetics on hepatic hemodynamics and metabolism were studied using isolated liver perfusion. The liver was isolated from overnight-fasted male Sprague-Dawley rats and placed in a recirculating perfusion-aeration system. The liver was perfused through the portal vein at a constant pressure of 12 cmH2O. ⋯ The increase in lactate concentration in the recirculating perfusate was significantly enhanced by the volatile anesthetics, and the enhancement was less remarkable in the isofluranetreated group than in the enflurane-or sevoflurane-treated groups. These results indicate that volatile anesthetics alter hepatic carbohydrate metabolism but maintain hepatic blood flow when the perfusion pressure is kept constant. Isoflurane exerts exceptional influence on hepatic oxygen consumption and lactate production, and may be preferable for operations that limit the oxygen supply to the liver.