Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2007
ReviewPrevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in children following adenotonsillectomy, using tropisetron with or without low-dose dexamethasone.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after adenotonsillectomy in children is, in spite of the prophylactic administration of tropisetron, still a frequent event. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefit of the additional systemic administration of low-dose dexamethasone (0.15 mg x kg(-1)) for the prevention of PONV. ⋯ A low-dose bolus of dexamethasone (0.15 mg x kg(-1)) in combination with tropisetron, compared to tropisetron alone, considerably reduced the incidence of vomiting in children following pediatric adenotonsillectomy.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2007
Randomized Controlled TrialEpidural ropivacaine infusion for the treatment of pain following axillary muscle-sparing thoracotomy: a dose-evaluation study.
We aimed to investigate the optimal dose of continuous epidural ropivacaine for effective analgesia with minimal side effects after axillary muscle-sparing thoracotomy. ⋯ Our results showed that epidural analgesia using ropivacaine, at 12 mg x h(-1), provided the best analgesia with few side effects.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2007
ReviewAdvances in obstetric anesthesia: anesthesia for fetal intrapartum operations on placental support.
Fetal intrapartum operations on placental support (OOPS), also known as ex-utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedures, are very rare (and often challenging) surgical techniques designed to allow partial delivery (cesarean section) of a fetus with a potentially difficult airway, with subsequent management of the neonatal airway (direct laryngoscopy, fiberoptic bronchoscopy, or tracheostomy) while oxygenation is continuously maintained via the placenta (on placental support). The peripartum management of pregnant women and their fetuses undergoing OOPS is very complex and multidisciplinary, and differs greatly from that of standard cesarean sections. The goal of this article is to review the current recommendations for the peripartum anesthetic management of pregnant women carrying fetuses with fetal congenital malformations undergoing OOPS.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyPropofol reduces the incidence of emergence agitation in preschool-aged children as well as in school-aged children: a comparison with sevoflurane.
Young age is considered as one of the factors associated with emergence agitation (EA) following sevoflurane anesthesia. The relationship between EA following propofol anesthesia and young age has not yet been examined. This study was designed to compare the incidence of EA in younger children and older children following either propofol or sevoflurane anesthesia. ⋯ Propofol, in comparison with sevoflurane, resulted in a lower incidence of EA, with no relation to age.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEfficacy of a heat and moisture exchanger in inhalation anesthesia at two different flow rates.
In general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation, a circle system with a heat and moisture exchanger (HME) and a low total flow is often used to prevent hypothermia and to maintain inspired gas humidity. The purpose of the present study was to compare the inspired gas humidity and body temperature, in general anesthesia with or without an HME at two different total flow rates. Eighty patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] I or II) scheduled to undergo either orthopedic or head and neck surgery were studied. ⋯ Group 4L had significantly lower absolute humidity than group 2L. The pharyngeal temperature did not decrease significantly for 2 h in any of the groups. During general anesthesia with a total flow of 2 lxmin(-1) in 2 h, HME might not be necessary, while with a total flow of 4 lxmin(-1), HME could be useful to maintain inspired gas humidity.