Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEffect of narcotic pretreatment on pain after rocuronium injection: a randomized, double-blind controlled comparison with lidocaine.
Various strategies have been studied to reduce the discomfort of rocuronium pain. These studies have shown fentanyl and lidocaine to be effective in reducing the incidence of pain on rocuronium injection. This prospective, randomized, and double-blind study was carried out on 80 neurosurgical patients for whom pain on rocuronium injection was assessed after pretreatment with lidocaine, fentanyl, sufentanil, or normal saline. ⋯ In the sufentanil group, 85% of patients reported pain, of whom 25% fell into the severe to very severe group. We found that lidocaine was best at decreasing the incidence of pain on intravenous (i.v.) injection of rocuronium. Although the incidence of pain on injection of rocuronium with both fentanyl and sufentanil was high, the intensity was definitely reduced, with most patients falling in the mild pain group.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jan 2007
Randomized Controlled TrialEmulsion of flurbiprofen axetil reduces propofol injection pain due to a decrease in free propofol concentration.
Flurbiprofen axetil emulsion (FA), a prodrug of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that is widely used for perioperative pain relief in Japan, has been effective for reducing propofol injection pain, but the mechanism is unclear. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the reduction of propofol injection pain by FA may be attributed to a decrease in free propofol concentration. ⋯ The findings suggest that the reduction of propofol injection pain by FA may be explained, at least in part, by a reduction in the free propofol concentration.