Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Apr 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyIntubation time required for tracheal intubation with low-dose rocuronium in children with and without atropine.
The purpose of this study was to determine the intubation time needed to facilitate tracheal intubation (Time(EI)) with a low dose of rocuronium (0.3 mg/kg) during propofol induction, and to determine whether this time was reduced by the administration of atropine. ⋯ This study demonstrated that the Time(EI)95 of a low dose of rocuronium (0.3 mg/kg) required for excellent tracheal intubation was 199 s during i.v. anesthesia induction using propofol and alfentanil in children. Also, i.v. atropine (10 μg/kg) before anesthesia induction was able to reduce Time(EI)95 by 28 s.
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Journal of anesthesia · Apr 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA comparison of the Trachway intubating stylet and the Macintosh laryngoscope in tracheal intubation: a manikin study.
The Trachway intubating stylet (Trachway(®)), when used by experienced anesthesiologists, has been shown to be effective for difficult airway management. We evaluated the efficacy of this intubating stylet for tracheal intubation in a manikin when used by experienced laryngoscopists with little experience using this device. ⋯ We concluded that the Trachway intubating stylet, when used by novices, is effective in both easy and difficult laryngoscopy scenarios. In difficult laryngoscopy scenarios, this device provided faster, easier, and less traumatic intubation than the Macintosh laryngoscope.
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Journal of anesthesia · Apr 2013
ReviewThe recent progress in research on effects of anesthetics and analgesics on G protein-coupled receptors.
The exact mechanisms of action behind anesthetics and analgesics are still unclear. Much attention was focused on ion channels in the central nervous system as targets for anesthetics and analgesics in the 1980s. During the 1990s, major advances were made in our understanding of the physiology and pharmacology of G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling. ⋯ There has been little work on G(s)- and G(i)-coupled receptors. In the last decade, a new assay system, using chimera G(i/o)-coupled receptor fused to Gq(i5), has been established and the effects of anesthetics and analgesics on the function of G(i)-coupled receptors is now more easily studied. This review highlights the recent progress of the studies regarding the effects of anesthetics and analgesics on GPCRs.
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Journal of anesthesia · Apr 2013
Changes in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in aged patients with early postoperative cognitive dysfunction following total hip-replacement surgery.
We hypothesized that different patterns of biomarkers of brain injury and inflammation exist in aged patients with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after total hip-replacement with spinal anesthesia. ⋯ The POCD patients were associated with higher postoperative plasma levels of MDA, and higher IL-1β and lower Aβ1-42 levels in preoperative CSF that might predispose the development of POCD in aged patients following total hip-replacement surgery with spinal anesthesia.
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Journal of anesthesia · Apr 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialTramadol and levobupivacaine wound infiltration at cesarean delivery for postoperative analgesia.
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether levobupivacaine and tramadol wound infiltration decreases postoperative pain following Cesarean section and reduces the need for analgesics in the immediate post-delivery period. ⋯ We conclude that wound infiltration with tramadol and levobupivacaine in patients having Cesarean section under general anesthesia may be a good choice for postoperative analgesia.