Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialPopulation pharmacokinetics of intravenous acetaminophen in Japanese patients undergoing elective surgery.
Intravenous (i.v.) acetaminophen is administered during surgery for postoperative analgesia. However, little information is available on the pharmacokinetics of i.v. acetaminophen in Japanese patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia. ⋯ A population pharmacokinetic model of i.v. acetaminophen in Japanese patients was constructed, with performance within acceptable ranges.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 2017
Case ReportsUltrasound-guided peripheral nerve stimulation for neuropathic pain after brachial plexus injury: two case reports.
Brachial plexus injury (BPI) often causes severe neuropathic pain that becomes chronic and difficult to treat pharmacologically or surgically. Here, we describe two cases of successful treatment of BPI with peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS). ⋯ Both patients were satisfied with their improved sleep and quality of life. We conclude that PNS could be an alternative therapeutic modality for neuropathic pain after BPI as it provides direct nerve stimulation, has few complications, and is easy to perform.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 2017
Intraoperative hydroxyethyl starch 70/0.5 administration may increase postoperative bleeding: a retrospective cohort study.
Studies evaluating the safety of hydroxyethyl starch with a molecular weight of 70 kDa and a molar substitution ratio of 0.5 (HES 70/0.5) are scarce in the literature. In this study, we investigated the relationship between intraoperative HES 70/0.5 administration and postoperative bleeding. ⋯ Our retrospective cohort study suggests that intraoperative HES 70/0.5 administration is associated with increased postoperative bleeding.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 2017
Inhibition of neutrophil elastase contributes to attenuation of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury during neutropenia recovery in mice.
Patients in whom neutropenia recovery is complicated by pneumonia have an increased risk of acute lung injury (ALI) and detrimental outcomes. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether inhibition of neutrophil elastase (NE) is effective in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI during neutropenia recovery in a murine model, and whether it upregulates the activation of the MerTK signaling pathway. ⋯ Sivelestat significantly attenuated LPS-induced ALI during recovery from neutropenia, and this effect was associated with MerTK induction. These findings suggest that NE inhibition could be a promising means of alleviating lung inflammation without increasing susceptibility to infection in ALI/ARDS during neutropenia recovery.