Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 2017
Inhibition of neutrophil elastase contributes to attenuation of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury during neutropenia recovery in mice.
Patients in whom neutropenia recovery is complicated by pneumonia have an increased risk of acute lung injury (ALI) and detrimental outcomes. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether inhibition of neutrophil elastase (NE) is effective in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI during neutropenia recovery in a murine model, and whether it upregulates the activation of the MerTK signaling pathway. ⋯ Sivelestat significantly attenuated LPS-induced ALI during recovery from neutropenia, and this effect was associated with MerTK induction. These findings suggest that NE inhibition could be a promising means of alleviating lung inflammation without increasing susceptibility to infection in ALI/ARDS during neutropenia recovery.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 2017
Possible utility of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for detecting spread of local anesthetic in nerve block.
This study demonstrated the effects of perfluorobutane (Sonazoid®) with contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) to identify the spread of local anesthetics in ultrasound-guided nerve block. ⋯ CEUS with 100-fold diluted Sonazoid®could identify the spread of local anesthetic as well as radiography and anatomical dissection, and distinguish between intra- and extraneuronal injections without neurodegeneration.