Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Apr 2020
Randomized Controlled TrialProphylactic diphenhydramine attenuates postoperative catheter-related bladder discomfort in patients undergoing gynecologic laparoscopic surgery: a randomized double-blind clinical study.
To evaluate the effectiveness of diphenhydramine, an antihistamine with anti-muscarinic properties, for prevention of postoperative catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD). ⋯ Prophylactic diphenhydramine 30 mg at induction of general anesthesia reduced the incidence and severity of postoperative bladder discomfort without significant side effects in patients receiving gynecologic laparoscopic surgery.
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Journal of anesthesia · Apr 2020
Randomized Controlled TrialDifferential effects of sevoflurane and propofol on an electroretinogram and visual evoked potentials.
The purpose of this study was to simultaneously evaluate the effects of sevoflurane and propofol on an electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potentials (VEPs). Twenty-four patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia were allocated randomly to receive either sevoflurane (group S) or propofol (group P). An ERG and VEPs were recorded in an awake state and during anesthesia with three different minimum alveolar concentrations (MAC; 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5) of sevoflurane in group S or with three different effect-site concentrations (Ce) of 2, 3, and 4 μg/ml by using a target-controlled infusion technique in group P. ⋯ In summary, propofol and sevoflurane at clinical concentrations had little effect on the amplitude of an ERG. Sevoflurane attenuated the amplitudes of VEPs even at low concentrations. Propofol also attenuated the amplitudes of VEPs to a lesser extent compared to sevoflurane.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2020
Randomized Controlled TrialA single paravertebral injection via a needle vs. a catheter for the spreading to multiple intercostal levels: a randomized controlled trial.
Thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) provides a unilateral nerve block at multiple intercostal levels allowing injection of a local anesthetic into paravertebral space (PVS) via a needle or catheter. However, the most effective injection method remains unclear. This study compared the real-time spread of ropivacaine between two paravertebral injection methods using thoracoscopy. ⋯ Paravertebral injection via a needle typically resulted in spreading to multiple intercostal levels, especially across the ribs on the peripheral side of injection site, whereas injection via a catheter resulted in variable spreading patterns. Therefore, injections via needles are more stable.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2020
Randomized Controlled TrialComparison of single minimum dose administration of dexmedetomidine and midazolam for prevention of emergence delirium in children: a randomized controlled trial.
Emergence delirium (ED) is common in children after sevoflurane anesthesia and should be prevented for patient safety. A prospective, double-blind, randomized, controlled study was performed to compare the efficacy of minimal dosage of midazolam versus dexmedetomidine to prevent ED in children undergoing tonsillectomy. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine and midazolam at single minimum dosages had equal effectiveness to prevent ED in children without delaying emergence time, when administered at the end of surgery. With regards to postoperative analgesic efficacy, although dexmedetomidine showed statistically significant higher analgesic effect than midazolam, further clinical investigations are needed to validate our findings.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2020
Randomized Controlled TrialFeasibility of ultrasound-guided lumbar epidural access using paramedian transverse scanning with the needle in-plane: a comparison with paramedian sagittal scanning.
The present study was designed to compare the feasibility of ultrasound (US)-guided lumbar epidural access using paramedian sagittal scanning (PMSS) and paramedian transverse scanning (PMTS) approaches. ⋯ Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, clinical trial number ChiCTR1800015815, date of registration April 24, 2018.