Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Oct 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialIntravenous butorphanol administration reduces intrathecal morphine-induced pruritus after cesarean delivery: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Pruritus associated with intrathecal opioid administration is a common side effect. There is evidence that κ-opioid receptor agonists have antipruritic activity. Butorphanol has agonist actions at both κ-opioid and μ-opioid receptors. This study was designed to evaluate the antipruritic efficacy of butorphanol after intrathecal morphine administration in the setting of a randomized, double-blind study of parturients undergoing cesarean section. ⋯ Administration of intravenous butorphanol after delivery of the baby can reduce pruritus that has been induced by intrathecal morphine administration in cesarean delivery with combined spinal-epidural anesthesia.
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Journal of anesthesia · Oct 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEffects of dose ranging of adenosine infusion on electrocardiographic findings during and after general anesthesia.
To assess changes in the electrocardiogram (ECG) associated with intraoperative infusion of adenosine in patients undergoing open abdominal gynecological surgery. ⋯ There was no difference in QTc prolongation following intraoperative administration of adenosine infusion compared with placebo during isoflurane general anesthesia. However, QTc prolongation is common following general anesthesia.
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Journal of anesthesia · Oct 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialBuprenorphine added to levobupivacaine enhances postoperative analgesia of middle interscalene brachial plexus block.
The aim of this study was to assess whether addition of epineural buprenorphine prolonged postoperative analgesia of middle interscalene brachial plexus block (MIB) with levobupivacaine. ⋯ Epineural buprenorphine prolonged postoperative analgesia of MIB more effectively than intramuscular buprenorphine, which suggests that buprenorphine acts at a peripheral nervous system site of action.
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Journal of anesthesia · Aug 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialThe application of dexmedetomidine in children undergoing vitreoretinal surgery.
Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has a sedative effect and has been shown to reduce anesthetic requirements. It also has a sympatholytic effect, which may prove useful when used to blunt the sympathetic surge during intubation and extubation. However, its effects on intraocular pressure, hemodynamic stability, attenuation of extubation response, and emergence agitation remain unclear for pediatric patients undergoing vitreoretinal surgery. We focused on these effects in this study. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine 0.5 µg/kg had no effect on intraoperative hemodynamics or intraocular pressure, but attenuated the hemodynamic response to extubation and diminished emergence agitation in pediatric patients undergoing vitreoretinal surgery.
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Journal of anesthesia · Aug 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialAvailability of a 5% lidocaine patch used prophylactically for venipuncture- or injection-related pain in children.
Venipuncture- or injection-related pain is still major problem during anesthetic induction in children. This study was designed to determine the availability of a 5% lidocaine patch used prophylactically for venipuncture- or injection-related pain during the induction of anesthesia. ⋯ Although pretreatment with a 5% lidocaine patch was found to be a safe, effective, and simple method of preventing venipuncture pain in children, this method did not reduce drug injection pain during the induction of anesthesia.