Der Schmerz
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Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) may develop following fractures, limb trauma, or lesions of the peripheral or central nervous system. The clinical picture consists of a triad of symptoms including autonomic, sensory, and motor dysfunction. Diagnosis is based on clinical signs and symptoms according to the Budapest criteria. ⋯ Distinct methods of physical therapy and pharmacological strategies are the mainstay of therapy. Pharmacotherapy is based on individual symptoms and includes steroids, free radical scavengers, treatment of neuropathic pain, and agents interfering with bone metabolism. In some cases invasive methods may be considered.
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Chest pain is a symptom commonly reported by persons in the general population and represents a differential diagnostic challenge. ⋯ There is a need for controlled studies on the symptomatic treatment of pain in irritable esophagus, non-cardiac chest pain, postmastectomy and poststernotomy syndromes.
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There are no data available on the prevalence of disabling abdominal pain and menstrual cramp in adults in Germany. ⋯ Persons in the general German population frequently reported slightly disabling abdominal pain and menstrual cramp; however, severely disabling abdominal pain and menstrual cramp were rarely reported. Abdominal pain and menstrual cramps were associated with additional somatic complaints and depression.
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Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) presents as a multicausal disorder. Complex interactions of psychological factors with somatic dysfunctions are crucial to the development and maintenance of CPPS. ⋯ The psychopathological comorbidities in subjects with CPPS require specific evidence-based diagnostic and treatment methods to reduce psychopathology and improve quality of life.