Annals of medicine
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To compare CO2 laser resection and laryngeal microsurgery for vocal cord polyps and provide evidence for the optimal surgical method. ⋯ CO2 laser resection and laryngeal microsurgery have similar effects on voice quality, but CO2 laser resection has higher clinical efficacy.
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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and syphilis have been the most common co-infections that hinder treatment outcomes and increase early mortality among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV). In this study, we aimed to determine the burden of HBV and syphilis co-infections and its impact on treatment outcomes among PLHIV in Ethiopia. ⋯ Burden of HBV and syphilis co-infections is high particularly among male and adolescent PLHIV and these co-infections hinder virologic and immunologic outcome in Ethiopia. Hence, the program shall enhance HBV and syphilis testing and treatment.
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Hantaan virus (HTNV) infection can cause severe hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Inflammatory monocytes (iMOs) are involved in early antiviral responses. Previous studies have found that blood iMOs numbers increase in the acute phase of HFRS. Here, we further identified the phenotypic characteristics of iMOs in HFRS and explored whether phenotypic changes in iMOs were associated with HFRS severity. ⋯ CD226- iMOs increased during HTNV infection and the decrease in CD226 hampered the expression of HLA-DR/DP/DQ and CD80, which may promote the immune escape of HTNV and exacerbate clinical symptoms.
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To investigate the risk factors for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in children with osteomyelitis and provide diagnostic and treatment strategies for the prevention, early detection and treatment of DVT. ⋯ Admission to ICU, sepsis, higher D-dimer, higher body temperature during hospitalization, and MRSA are risk factors for thrombosis. MRSA is the independent risk factor for DVT. For patients with related risk factors, timely ultrasound examination of the infected site should be considered to achieve early detection and treatment.
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Background: In the era of insecticides and anti-malarial drug resistance, gene drive technology holds considerable promise for malaria control. Gene drive technology deploys genetic modifications into mosquito populations to impede their ability to transmit the malaria parasite. This can be either through the disruption of an essential mosquito gene or the association of gene drive with a desirable effector gene. ⋯ Conclusions: This commentary elucidates the underlying mechanisms and principles of gene drive technology, underscoring its promise and challenges as a novel strategy to curtail malaria prevalence. Although the release of such genetically modified mosquitoes into the natural environment would result in the eradication of the locally targeted species of mosquitoes, the complete eradication of the entire species remains questionable. Thus, the practical application raises significant ethical and regulatory concerns for further research and risk assessment, including the risk of gene drive spreading to nontarget species in the wider theatre of biodiverse species.