Annals of medicine
-
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) presents a severe respiratory challenge with a poor prognosis due to the lack of reliable biomarkers. Recent evidence suggests that Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress (ERS) may be associated with IPF pathogenesis. This study focuses on uncovering ERS-associated biomarkers for IPF. ⋯ This study identifies ERS-related biomarkers in IPF, highlighting SPP1 and M2 macrophages. The resulting diagnostic and prognostic models offer strong predictive capabilities, unveiling new therapeutic avenues.
-
Atrioventricular block (AVB) is rare in hyperthyroidism (HTH). Little is known about the true prevalence, clinical course, optimal management, and outcomes of different types of AVBs in patients with HTH. To address these uncertainties, we aimed to conduct a systematic review by combining the available literature to provide more meaningful data regarding AVBs in HTH. ⋯ Current data suggest that CHB is the most common type of AVB in patients with HTH. Most patients can be managed with anti-thyroid management alone. Additionally, whether pacemaker insertion alters the clinical outcomes needs further exploration.
-
Multiple myeloma is a malignant tumour of the blood in which abnormal proliferation of plasma cells leads to bone destruction, renal impairment, anaemia, and hypercalcaemia. Renal impairment caused by multiple myeloma is a common and serious condition; however, the prognosis of multiple myeloma at the time of diagnosis remains unclear. ⋯ The limited low-quality evidence available does not support an association between prognosis and multiple myeloma complicated by kidney injury.
-
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a serious complication of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) that requires early detection and intervention to positively impact patient prognosis. This study aimed to develop a reliable model to predict HE in ACLF patients during hospitalization. ⋯ This study developed and validated a new prediction model for HE in ACLF patients offering a useful tool for early identification of patients with a high risk of HE in clinical settings. However, to ascertain the model's general effectiveness, future prospective multicentre studies are warranted.
-
The associations between multiple sleep characteristics and smoking behavior are inconsistent, and it is unclear which sleep characteristics are most crucial for tobacco prevention. This study aimed to explore the associations between smoking status/intensity and multiple sleep characteristics and to identify the potential core domain of smoking-related sleep using network analysis. Data were obtained from a survey of cancer-related risk factors among Chinese adults. ⋯ Late bedtime and getting up after 7 am were only associated with current heavy smoking, but not current light smoking. Network analyses showed that multiple smoking-related sleep characteristics were interconnected, with difficulty falling asleep and late bedtime as central characteristics in the network. The study found that the associations between sleep characteristics and smoking varied by age and smoking intensity and highlights the potential benefits of sleep health promotion in smoking cessation, with a particular focus on difficulty falling asleep and late bedtime.