Annals of medicine
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Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a common B/NK/T cell lymphoma. We collected detailed data about the incidence and mortality of NHL from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study in 2017 and extensively assessed the disease burden of NHL at the global level and also analysed its current trends according to sex, age, socio-demographic index (SDI), country and region. ⋯ The incidence of NHL was increased globally, whereas the deaths and its annual percentage change were relatively stable from 1990 to 2017.Key messagesAge-standardized rate (ASR) of incidence in NHL was increased globally from 1990 to 2017.ASR of mortality and its annual percentage change in NHL were relatively stable globally from 1990 to 2017.Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) in the incidence of NHL decreased in the low socio-demographic index (SDI) regions but increased in the high SDI regions.
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An estimated 100,306 people died from an overdose from May 2020 to April 2021. Emergency Medical Services (EMS) are often the first responder to opioid overdose, and EMS encounter records can provide granular epidemiologic data on opioid overdose. This study describes the demographic, temporal, and geographic epidemiology of suspected opioid overdose in Baltimore City using data from Baltimore City Fire Department EMS encounters with the administration of the opioid antagonist naloxone. ⋯ The incidence of naloxone administration increased dramatically over the study period. Despite significant cross-sectional variation in incidence across demographically and geographically defined groups, there were significant proportional increases in incidence rates, consistent with fatal overdose rates over the period. This study demonstrated the value of EMS data for understanding the local epidemiology of opioid-related overdose. Key MessagesPatterns of EMS encounters with naloxone administration appear to be an excellent proxy for patterns of opioid-related overdoses based on the consistency of fatal overdose rates over time.EMS plays a central role in preventing fatal opioid-related overdoses through the administration of naloxone, provision of other emergency services, and transportation to medical facilities.EMS encounters with naloxone administration could also be used to evaluate the impact of overdose prevention interventions and public health services.
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To determine the clinical effects of ocular surface and Meibomian gland parameters on tear film stability among individuals with Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), those with aqueous deficient dry eye (ADDE), individuals with both conditions and normal controls. ⋯ Tear fluid secretion is more increased and lipid layer thickness is more decreased in MGD patients than in ADDE patients. Decreased lipid layer thickness caused by MGD-related tear film instability may stimulate reflex tear secretion. The obstructive MGD is more prevalent than hypersecretary MGD.Key messagesThe tear film stability is affected by Mebomian gland dysfunction (MGD). The measurement of the tear film parameters including lipid layer thickness suggests that the obstructive MGD is more prevalent than hypersecretary MGD and the aqueous layer compensates the decreased lipid layer caused by MGD.
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Background: The objectives of the present study are to understand the longitudinal variability in COVID-19 reported cases at the county level and to associate the observed rates of infection with the adoption and lifting of stay-home orders. Materials and Methods: The study uses the trajectory of the pandemic in a county and controls for social and economic risk factors, physical environment, and health behaviors to elucidate the social determinants contributing to the observed rates of infection. Results and conclusion: Results indicated that counties with higher percentages of young individuals, racial and ethnic minorities and, higher population densities experienced greater difficulty suppressing transmission. ⋯ S. are not directly associated with adoption and lifting of stay-home orders. Disadvantages in sociodemographic determinants negatively influence the rate of COVID-19 spread. Counties with more young individuals, racial and ethnic minorities, and higher population densities have greater difficulty suppressing transmission.
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Background: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare clinical syndrome with a high mortality rate. There is no biomarker to predict the early therapeutic response. Objective: Our study explores the significance of serum ferritin in predicting the response of induction therapy. ⋯ KEY MESSAGESSerum ferritin is a good indicator for predicting the efficacy of adult HLH induction therapy. Serum ferritin two weeks after treatment may be a better indicator to judge the early curative effect. Serum ferritin after treatment also had a predictive significance for the survival of HLH.