Annals of medicine
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Review Meta Analysis
Risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in patients with vitiligo: an analysis of current evidence.
The relationship between vitiligo and cardiovascular diseases remains controversial. This study aimed to systematically review the evidence comparing cardiovascular disease risk factors between patients with vitiligo and controls and to perform a meta-analysis of the results. ⋯ This study summarized not only the factors associated with, but also those not associated with, cardiovascular disease in patients with vitiligo. This study provides a foundation for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease in patients with vitiligo.
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The objectives of this network meta-analysis were: (a) to estimate and compare the pooled effects of some injury prevention programs (IPPs) whose exercise-based components were categorized using a movement pattern-specific taxonomy on reducing overall and some specific body regions (lower extremity, thigh, knee, and ankle) injury incidences in youth team sport athletes and (b) to explore the individual effects of these components on the injury incidence rates (IIRs) previously mentioned. Searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library. Eligible criteria were: exercise-based interventions comprised of exercises involving athletic motor skill competencies and evaluated against a control group, overall IIRs were reported, and youth (≤19 years old) team sport players. ⋯ None of the IPPs demonstrated to be effective for reducing thigh injuries, and contradictory results were found for knee injuries. Individual analysis at component level revealed that the lower body (bilateral and unilateral, concentric, and eccentric) component was the only one associated with a significant reduction on overall injuries. Indirect evidence suggests that interventions incorporating lower body concentric and eccentric, core, mechanics, and lower body stability exercises might be the most effective for reducing overall, lower extremity, and ankle injuries in youth team sports.
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Meta Analysis
Tuberculosis (TB) treatment challenges in TB-diabetes comorbid patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
The Directly Observed Treatment-Short Course (DOTS) Programme was implemented by WHO and includes a combination of four anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs (isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol and rifampicin) for a period of six months to eradicate the TB infection completely. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is recognized as one of a strong contributor of TB according to World Health Organization (WHO). The presence of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM type 2) makes TB treatment complicated. Thus, the objective of the current meta-analysis was to identify and quantify the impact of type 2 DM on treatment outcomes of TB patients treated under the DOTS Programme. ⋯ A negative impact of DM was found on recurrence and extended treatment duration in TB patients treated with DOTS therapy. DM type 2 is responsible for the TB treatment prolongation and TB recurrence rates. By implementing effective management strategies and advancing research, the challenges can be mitigated, arising due to the complex interaction between DM and TB.
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Relapse/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (r/r B-ALL) represents paediatric cancer with a challenging prognosis. CAR T-cell treatment, considered an advanced treatment, remains controversial due to high relapse rates and adverse events. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of CAR T-cell therapy for r/r B-ALL. ⋯ Choosing a more efficacious and safer CAR T-cell treatment is crucial for improving overall survival in acute leukaemia. Beyond the promising anti-CD22 CAR T-cell, exploring costimulatory domains and new CD targets could enhance treatment effectiveness for r/r B-ALL.
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Lung cancer has maintained a high prevalence and mortality. Besides, venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the third most common disease of cardiovascular disease. Lung cancer with VTE usually influenced the overall survival in the follow-up. In the development of lung cancer, vigilance against and early diagnosis of VTE is of significance. ⋯ Lung cancer complicated with VTE is unignorable, and its occurrence varies widely by tumour staging, tissue type and treatment. The results may aid in clinical decision-making about lung cancer in higher risk with VTE and weather receiving anticoagulant prophylaxis.