Annals of medicine
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Multicenter Study
Comparation of predictive value of CAT and change in CAT in the short term for future exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Our study aimed to compare the predictive value of the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score at baseline and short-term change in CAT for future exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. ⋯ The correlation between baseline CAT score and future exacerbation was weak, however, the correlation between change in CAT and future exacerbation was moderate. Change in CAT in the short term had a better predictive value for future exacerbations of COPD than baseline CAT and exacerbation in the previous year.
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Interindividual genetic variations contribute to differences in patients' response to drugs as well as to the development of certain disorders. Patients who use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may develop serious gastrointestinal disorders, mainly upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (UGIH). Studies about the interaction between NSAIDs and genetic variations on the risk of UGIH are scarce. Therefore, we investigated the effect of 16 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in drug metabolism on the risk of NSAIDs-induced UGIH. ⋯ The joint effect of the SNPs s2180314:C>G and rs4809957:A>G and NSAIDs are more than three times higher than the sum of their individual effects. Personalized prescriptions based on genotyping would permit a better weighing of risks and benefits from NSAID consumption.KEY MESSAGESMulticenter case-control study of the effect of genetic variations involved in drug metabolism on upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (UGIH) induced by NSAIDs (aspirin and non-aspirin).There is a statistically significant additive synergism interaction between certain genetic polymorphisms and NSAIDs on UGIH: rs2180314:C>G and rs4809957:A>G. The joint effect of each of these single nucleotide polymorphisms and NSAIDs on UGIH is more than three times higher than the sum of their individual effects.Genetic profiling and personalized prescriptions would be useful in managing the risks and benefits associated with NSAIDs.
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Letter Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effect of a genetically engineered interferon-alpha versus traditional interferon-alpha in the treatment of moderate-to-severe COVID-19: a randomised clinical trial.
There are few effective therapies for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) upon the outbreak of the pandemic. To compare the effectiveness of a novel genetically engineered recombinant super-compound interferon (rSIFN-co) with traditional interferon-alpha added to baseline antiviral agents (lopinavir-ritonavir or umifenovir) for the treatment of moderate-to-severe COVID-19. ⋯ rSIFN-co was associated with a shorter time of clinical improvement than traditional interferon-alpha in the treatment of moderate-to-severe COVID-19 when combined with baseline antiviral agents. rSIFN-co therapy alone or combined with other antiviral therapy is worth to be further studied.Key messagesThere are few effective therapies for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) upon the outbreak of the pandemic. Interferon alphas, by inducing both innate and adaptive immune responses, have shown clinical efficacy in treating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus.In this multicenter, head-to-head, randomized, clinical trial which included 94 participants with moderate-to-severe COVID-19, the rSIFN-co plus antiviral agents (lopinavir-ritonavir or umifenovir) was associated with a shorter time of clinical improvement than interferon-alpha plus antiviral agents.
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Multicenter Study
External Validation of a Clinical Risk Score to Predict Hospital Admission and In-Hospital Mortality in COVID-19 Patients.
Identification of patients with novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requiring hospital admission or at high-risk of in-hospital mortality is essential to guide patient triage and to provide timely treatment for higher risk hospitalized patients. ⋯ The COVID-19 Risk of Complications Score predicts the need for hospital admission and in-hospital mortality patients with COVID-19. Key points: Can an electronic health record generated risk score predict the risk of hospital admission and in-hospital mortality in patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)? In both validation cohorts of 2,025 and 1,290 COVID-19, the cross-validated C-Statistics showed good discrimination for both hospital admission (C = 0.79 (95% CI: 0.77-0.81)) and in-hospital mortality (C = 0.75 (95% CI: 0.71-0.78)), respectively. The COVID-19 Risk of Complications Score may help predict the need for hospital admission if a patient contracts SARS-CoV-2 infection and in-hospital mortality for a hospitalized patient with COVID-19.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
A randomized, active-controlled, multicentre clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral sitafloxacin versus levofloxacin in Chinese adults with acute uncomplicated or complicated urinary tract infection.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral sitafloxacin versus levofloxacin in Chinese adults with acute uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) or complicated UTI. ⋯ Oral sitafloxacin is as effective and safe as levofloxacin in treating acute uncomplicated and complicated UTI. KEY MESSAGE: Oral sitafloxacin showed similar clinical cure rate and bacterial eradication rate as levofloxacin for treatment of complicated and uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) in a randomized, active-controlled, multicentre clinical trial. Oral sitafloxacin is safe and well-tolerated in treating acute uncomplicated and complicated UTIs in Chinese adults. Sitafloxacin is a promising alternative treatment option for UTIs in adults.