Annals of medicine
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Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), characterized by the deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides in the walls of medium and small vessels of the brain and leptomeninges, is a major cause of lobar hemorrhage in elderly individuals. Among the genetic risk factors for CAA that continue to be recognized, the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is the most significant and prevalent, as its variants have been implicated in more than half of all patients with CAA. While the presence of the APOE ε4 allele markedly increases the risk of CAA, the ε2 allele confers a protective effect relative to the common ε3 allele. ⋯ The primary physiological role of APOE is to mediate lipid transport in the brain and periphery; however, it has also been shown to be involved in a wide array of biological functions, particularly those involving Aβ, in which it plays a known role in processing, production, aggregation, and clearance. The challenges posed by the reliance on postmortem histological analyses and the current absence of an effective intervention underscore the urgency for innovative APOE-targeted strategies for diagnosing CAA. This review not only deepens our understanding of the impact of APOE on the pathogenesis of CAA but can also help guide the exploration of targeted therapies, inspiring further research into the therapeutic potential of APOE.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Home-based strength and balance exercises for fall prevention among older individuals of advanced age: a randomized controlled single-blind study.
This research was to explore the effectiveness, safety, and adherence of home-based strength and balance exercises for fall prevention among the self-reliant individuals of advanced age and analyzed the beneficial components. ⋯ Home-based strength and balance exercises improved balance and reduced the risk of falls among the individuals of advanced age. The video-guided, remotely monitored regimen demonstrated effectiveness, safety, and compliance, although scope for improvement remains.
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Multicenter Study
Identification of early prognostic biomarkers in Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome using machine learning algorithms.
We aimed at identifying acute phase biomarkers in Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS), and to establish a model to predict mortality outcomes. ⋯ a-HBDH and its change slope along with central nervous symptom manifestations within 7-10 days after onset accurately predicted mortality in SFTS. Various algorithms provided a comprehensive overview of disease progression and constructed more stable and efficient models.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of multidomain lifestyle intervention on frailty among older men and women - a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.
Frailty is a common geriatric syndrome associated with poor clinical outcomes. Effectiveness of lifestyle intervention programmes among frail older people has been examined earlier, but effects of interventions on prevention of frailty have been rarely studied. The aim of this study was to investigate to what extent the multidomain lifestyle intervention in the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) affected changes in frailty status among older men and women at risk of cognitive disorders. ⋯ Modifying lifestyle-related factors may have potential to reverse first signs of frailty among older men. However, the intervention lasted only two years, therefore, research with longer follow-up is needed to see possible long-term effects of lifestyle management on the development of frailty.
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Multicenter Study
Age-specific abnormal glucose metabolism in HIV-positive people on antiviral therapy in China: a multicenter case-control study.
Update, the link between HIV infection and abnormal glucose metabolism (AGM) is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the impact of HIV infection on AGM, including insulin resistance (IR), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and diabetes mellitus (DM). ⋯ HIV infection is associated with early onset and high prevalence of IR and IFG. Longer duration of HIV infection and cART usage increased the occurrence of DM. These findings contribute to a better understanding of age-specific AGM and the modified glucose monitor strategies in PLWH.